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05 September 1991, Volume 5 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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研究报告
实验技术
研究报告
实验技术
学术讨论
研究简报


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研究报告

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Influence of Light Duration and Intensity on the Resistance in Rice Seedling to the Brown Planthopper Wang Maoqing,Wu Rongzong,Zhang Liangyou 1991, 5(3): 97-103 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (438KB) ( )   As the rice seedlings were grown into the 3-leaf stage under unsuitable light condition, the moderately resistant varieties lost the resistance and the resistant varieties exhibited a decline in resistance. This decrease in resistance might be induced by these factors: (1) The growth vigour and compensatory ability of plants became weaken; (2) The tolerance in moderately resistant varieties lost; (3) The nonpreference in resistant varieties disappeared. The light condition did not affect the antibiosis, as demonstrated by the fact that the amount of honeydew excreted, survival and development of BPH nymphs fed on the resistant varieties showed the same level between the light treatments. However, before or after infestation when the seedlings were grown under a suitable light condition, the decrease in resistance could be prevented. When the plants were grown under weak light, resistance at the 4-leaf stage was higher than at the 2-leaf stage.

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The Male Sterility in Rice Plant Induced by CRMS: Ⅱ. Physiological effects of CRMS on the inducing male sterility in rice Wang Xi,Yu Meiyu,Tao Longxing,Yao Fude 1991, 5(3): 104-108 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (424KB) ( )   The physiological effects of the CRMS-induced rice male sterility were present in this paper. Physiological activities such as the respiration of the anther were inhibited by CRMS treatment, the metabolism of nitrogen and carbohydrate were disturbed, the content of protein and starch were decreased in the anthers, which may inhibit the development of anthers and reduce the numbers of pollens and induce sterility of pollens.

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The SDS-PAGE Analysis of Seed Glutelin in Some Cultivated and Wild Rice Zhan Xiaoyan,Lin Ronghui 1991, 5(3): 109-113 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (530KB) ( )   The glutelin characteristics in 5 classes of rice cultivars and 6 wild rice species were analysed by SDS-PAGE. The glutelin polypeptides can be classified into 3 groups with mol.wts.18-23 kDa. 30-36 kDa and 49-100 kDa, respectively. There are obvious distinctions in glutelin polypeptide patterns between 2 genus (Oryza L. and Rhynchoryza). Some species of AA genome are of 2 or 3 feature peptides with approximate mol.wt. 50 kDa, and species of CCDD genome are of other feature peptide (mol. wt.23 kDa). The glutelin pattern of indica is different from that of japonica, and the pattern of javanica is quite similar to that of upland rice (japonica type). The polypeptide patterns of varieties in the same ecotype do not shown valuable difference except some lightly diversity occasionally. The results suggest that the rice glutelin polypeptide pattern might be used as a supplementary tool to classify rice species and ecotypes.

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Character and Structure of Spider Community in Single Rice Cropping Field: Diversity, Dominance, Ordination and Cluster Shi Gensheng,Zhang Xiaoxi 1991, 5(3): 114-120 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (445KB) ( )   Investigations on the structure and character of spider communities of the single rice cropping field were carried out in Jiangpu County, Jiangsu Province and Tongling City, Anhui Province during 1987-1988. The spider communities comprised 45 species, belonging to 25 genus in families. The main components of the communities were Ummeliata insecticeps, Erigonidum graminicolum, Priata subpiraticus, and Pardosa pseudoannulata. The diversity and evenness index in rape field was higher than that of other winter crop fields. The diversity index showed that there were two obvious peak during the rice growth period. The first peak (3.68531) occured on 24th, July and the second one (3.96823) appeared on 11th, September. The diversity, evenness and abandance index of the mid-late stage of rice growth and the late planting rice fields were higher than that of early stage and early planting rice fields, while the dominance index was in reverse. The community stability of late planting rice fields was better than that of early planting. The similarity of spider communities was closely related to transplanting day of rice and it can be grouped together according to similar transplanting date by ordinal arrangement and Fuzzy Cluster. The similarity in the same area and year was more remarkable than that in different areas and years.

实验技术

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Studies on Rice Seed Inspection of Bacterial Leaf Streak of Rice: Ⅱ. Rice leaf in vitro method Xie Guanlin,Wang Hanrong,Sun Shuyuan,Wang Gongjin 1991, 5(3): 121-126 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (381KB) ( )   A series of rice seed inspection technique by rice leaf in vitro test for Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzicola were established after 3-year studies. With the method 44 samples of natural infected rice seeds of bacterial leaf streak were successfully inoculated onto the rice leaves in vitro, and produced lesions and bacterial beads on them. The method reveals young rice leaves in vitro on 1% water agar with 90 ppm of benzimidazole in petri dishes maintains green for 15-20 days under saturation of relative humidity, light of flurescent lamps at days or nights and temperature of 30℃, which satisfies the needs of the time for induction of lesions and bacterial beads. Due to these suitable conditions, concentration suspension of the samples of diseased seeds in weight of 1.2-4.0g can be inoculated onto young rice leaves in vitro with an insect needle, the lesions and bacterial beads appeared at 3 days and 5.5-8.5 days after inoculation respectively. The lowest concentration of the pure culture for the symptom induced is 5×103 cells/ml in this method.

研究报告

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Water Saving and High Yielding Irrigation Model on Lowland Paddy Field Situ Song,Zhang Wei 1991, 5(3): 127-132 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (431KB) ( )   A 5-year (1984-1988) research aimed at the optimum drainage-irrigation model that makes the best utilization of rainfall to effectuate a high yield with a least amount of water consumption in irrigation and discharge in drainage, has been carried out on plots at experimental station of CNRRI, Hangzhou. Among the treatments of the test, various water depth over the paddy under irrigation and depth to water within the soil under drainage are specified for the various growth period of the rice plant. The water budget of the irrigation and drainage as an integral is obtained from the unified management of the rainfall, irrigation water applied, soil water and ground water that takes part in the hydraulic cycle. ReplaceFont('ChDivSummary','1984～1988年在中国水稻研究所试验场将排水与其它农业措施相结合,采用节水灌溉措施和高产灌溉制度,综合考虑对田面水、土壤水、地下水和雨水的统一管理利用和合理调节控制,通过大田、水区、测坑试验和生产实践,提出了适合当地条件的节水高产灌排方式、地下水埋深和排水量.这种水综合运用,既可节约灌溉用水量,减少灌水次数,还可降低排涝水量,减轻排涝能耗费用.');ReplaceFont('EnDivSummary','Abstract: A 5-year (1984-1988) research aimed at the optimum drainage-irrigation model that makes the best utilization of rainfall to effectuate a high yield with a least amount of water consumption in irrigation and discharge in drainage, has been carried out on plots at experimental station of CNRRI, Hangzhou. Among the treatments of the test, various water depth over the paddy under irrigation and depth to water within the soil under drainage are specified for the various growth period of the rice plant. The water budget of the irrigation and drainage as an integral is obtained from the unified management of the rainfall, irrigation water applied, soil water and ground water that takes part in the hydraulic cycle.');if(document.getElementById('ChDivSummary') != null && document.getElementById('ChDivSummary').innerHTML!=""){CutSpan('ChDivSummary',500);DisplaySpanDiv('ChDivSummary');ClearSummaryOnLoad('SummaryLinkChID','SummaryLinkEnID');} if(document.getElementById('EnDivSummary') != null && document.getElementById('EnDivSummary').innerHTML!=""){CutSpan('EnDivSummary',1000);DisplaySpanDiv('EnDivSummary');ClearSummaryOnLoad('SummaryLinkEnID','SummaryLinkChID');}ReplaceChar1('ChDivSummary');ReplaceChar('ChDivSummary');ReplaceChar1('EnDivSummary');ReplaceChar('EnDivSummary');

实验技术

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A Facilitated Technique for Screening and Identifying Rice Germplasm Resources Tolerant to Photooxidation and Its Application Jiao Demao,Gu Xingyin,Ji Benhua,Zhang Chunlai 1991, 5(3): 133-136 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (278KB) ( )   A facilitated technique for screening and identifying rice germplasm resources tolerant to photooxidation was developed. The appearances of photooxidation in various materials were detected when the excised leaves were submerged in water under low CO2 and low O2 with high light. The materials tolerant to photooxidation are characterized by (1) chlorophyll content declined slower, (2) photosynthesis and photosynthetic electron transfer activity were not inhibited much under photooxidative condition. By means of this technique, several materials with tolerant to photooxidation have been already selected from 165 germplasm resources. ReplaceFont('ChDivSummary','报道了水稻耐光氧化种质资源的简易筛选鉴定技术.即将离体叶片放入水中经高光强处理,造成低CO_2、低O_2、高光强的人工光氧化条件,经过这种筛选压可选出耐光氧化的材料.经测定,在这种条件下,耐光氧化材料光抑制和光氧化伤害较轻,表现在光系统Ⅰ、光系统Ⅱ电子传递活力和净光合速率受抑较小,光合色素衰减缓慢.用这种技术,已从165份种质中筛选出几个耐光氧化的材料.');ReplaceFont('EnDivSummary','Abstract; A facilitated technique for screening and identifying rice germplasm resources tolerant to photooxidation was developed. The appearances of photooxidation in various materials were detected when the excised leaves were submerged in water under low CO_2 and low O_2 with high light. The materials tolerant to photooxidation are characterized by (1) chlorophyll content declined slower, (2) photosynthesis and photosynthetic electron transfer activity were not inhibited much under photooxidative condition. By means of this technique, several materials with tolerant to photooxidation have been already selected from 165 germplasm resources.');if(document.getElementById('ChDivSummary') != null && document.getElementById('ChDivSummary').innerHTML!=""){CutSpan('ChDivSummary',500);DisplaySpanDiv('ChDivSummary');ClearSummaryOnLoad('SummaryLinkChID','SummaryLinkEnID');} if(document.getElementById('EnDivSummary') != null && document.getElementById('EnDivSummary').innerHTML!=""){CutSpan('EnDivSummary',1000);DisplaySpanDiv('EnDivSummary');ClearSummaryOnLoad('SummaryLinkEnID','SummaryLinkChID');}ReplaceChar1('ChDivSummary');ReplaceChar('ChDivSummary');ReplaceChar1('EnDivSummary');ReplaceChar('EnDivSummary');

学术讨论

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Some Opinions on the Rice Photoperiod Sensitive and Temperature Sensitive Genic Male Sterility Bai Kezhi 1991, 5(3): 137-138 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (185KB) ( )

研究简报

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Compatibility of Rice Variety With Wide Compatibility Zymogram Type Crossed to Indica and Japonica Fu Chunxia,Tan Xiuyun,Ji Fenggao 1991, 5(3): 139-141 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (118KB) ( )

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Application of Principal Component Analysis on Evaluating the Antibiosis of Rice Varieties to Whitebacked Planthopper Tang Jian,Hu Guowen,Ma Jufa,Chen Jianqiao 1991, 5(3): 142-144 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (206KB) ( )