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05 June 1991, Volume 5 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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研究报告
研究简讯
研究报告
实验技术
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研究报告

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The Male Sterility in Rice Plant Induced by CRMS: I. Effect of CRMS on male Sterility in rice plants Wang Xi,Yu Meiyu,Tao Longxing,Yao Fude 1991, 5(2): 49-55 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (779KB) ( )   The experiments were carried out in 1985-1989 in paddy field of CNRRI. The results show that 1) CRMS is a new gametocide. With application during panicle formation stage, CRMS could induce male sterility up to 95-100%. Meiotic stage is the best sensitive stage for inducing male sterility by CRMS. The CRMS treated plants delayed the heading date for 2-3 days. The height of treated plants could be reduced by about 5-10 cm. This reduction was mainly due to the reduction of the length of the first and second internode counted from the bottom. 2) There were 3 types of effection of rice male sterility inducedby CRMS: sexual dissimilation, pollen sterility and anther unslit.

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Studies on Response to Photoperiod and Temperature of the Photoperiod Sensitive Genie Male Sterile Rice(PGMSR): Ⅱ. Identification of japonica PGMSR in growth chambers Sun Zongxiu,Cheng Shihua,Min Shaokai,Xiong Zhenmin,Ying Cunshan,Si Huamin 1991, 5(2): 56-60 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (337KB) ( )   The effects of photoperiod and temperature on fertility of Nongken 58S and its derived PGMSRs (subsp. japonica) were studied in artificially controlled condition. The results indicated that both photoperiod and temperature affected PGMSRs' fertility. The PGMSRs were sterile or nearly sterile in the treatment combination with long photoperiod (15. 0 h) and high temperature (29. 6℃), and their fertility was higher in the treatment combination with short photoperiod (12. 0h) and low tempera-ture (23.6℃). The alternation in the fertility of PGMSRs occurred under the treatment combinations with15. 0h/ 23.6℃ and 12. 0h/ 29. 6℃ in growth chambers. The influence of genetic background on PGMSRs' fertility was also observed. The experiment result will supply a base of knowledge to explain why the sterility of PGMSRs was unstable in summer and their fertility was not high enough in autumn in the field.

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Gene Analysis of Blast Resistance of Two Japonica Varieties from Yunnan Province Pan Qinghua,Ling Zhongzhuan,Wang Jiulin 1991, 5(2): 61-66 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (260KB) ( )   Gene analysis of two japonica rice varieties from Yunnan Province was carried out for their blast resistance by using differential varieties established by Kiyosawa and Chinese varieties Zhonghua 9 and Lijiang and 4 Japanese differential strains, and one Chinese strain was also used in this study. The results showed that the two varieties have two resistance genes respectively. These genes showed resistant reaction to Chinese strain Zh 2-1. Allelism test of the two Yunnan varieties indicated that one of the two genes in Mengwanggu-1 may be a new multiple allele at Pi-ta locus, another is an unknown gene. The two genes in Dabainuo are unknown genes at new loci.

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Studies on Canopy Properties and Its Relation to Dry Matter Production in Japonica Rice Varieties with Different Plant Types Chen Wenfu,Xu Zhengjin,Zhang Longbu,Yang Shouren 1991, 5(2): 67-72 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (353KB) ( )   Using japonica rice varieties with different plant types, studies were made on canopy properties in relation to dry matter production and yield. The results show that varieties responsiveness to nitrogen supply varied with plant types, and there were significant differences in the canopy development and the rate of dry matter production among varieties with different plant types. The more was the nitrogen supply, the more the differences of declining rate of leaf area after heading would be, and the less would be the differences of increasing rate of leaf area before heading among varieties with different plant types. The LAI at the heading stage had a significant quadratic regression relationship with grain yield and the rate of dry matter production after heading. The results also indicate that the LAI leading to maximum grain yield was basically consistent with the LAI conductive to maximum rate of dry matter prodriction, and that grain yield was positively corelated with the rate of dry matter production after heading.

研究简讯

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A Preliminary Study of Medicinal Active Constituent in Black Waxy Rice Fu Cuizhen,Lu Xianyu,Hou Wenqiang 1991, 5(2): 72-72 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (87KB) ( )

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The Resistance of Theatephorus cucumeris to Jinggangmycin: Detection,Monitoring and Induction of Thanatephorus cucumeris Zhou Mingguo,Ye Zhongyin,Liu Jingfen 1991, 5(2): 73-78 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (247KB) ( )   The resistance to Jinggangmycin of more than 420 isolates of Thenatephorus cucumeris(Frank) Donk. which causes the rice sheath blight in the areas where Jinggangmycin had been applied at different levels was detected. The sensitivity of populations and individuals of the pathogen in the treated area to Jinggangmycin is similar to that of natural wild pathogen. The results showed that T. cucumeris has not developed the resistance to Jinggangmycin in the investigated areas although Jinggangmycin has beenused in some areas for about fifteen years. The sensitivity of isolates to Jinggangmycin had not changedfrom 1986 to 1989 in the monitoring site and none of isolate resistant to Jinggangmycin had been induced onPSA with 200 μg/ml Jinggangmycin for fifty days.

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Growing Rice on the Floating-Field in Ancient China You Xiuling 1991, 5(2): 79-82 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (191KB) ( )   The root system and rhizoma of zizania (Zizania caduciflora), a perennial plant that grows in the swamp, lake and river side, could twine each other tightly composing a thick mat after along living time, and it always floats on the water when flood occurs. Ancient Chinese farmers took this zizania mat as a floating-field. Rice plants grown on this mat need not irrigating or drainage, and no more be afraid of being dried up or submerged by flood. Growing rice on the floating-field has been practiced at least for more than 1600 years in South China, it was very popular since Tang and Song Dynasty (from 7th to 13th centuries). Because of a rapid increase of population in South China thereafter, the habitat that zizania grown had broken-down quickly by openning up cultivated land along the edge of lakes and rivers. This made the use of floating-field gradually decreased and vanished after all.

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Efficiency of NH4+ Uptake and Assimilation in the Indica × Japonica Hybrid Rice Seedlings An Linsheng,Ni Jinshan 1991, 5(2): 83-86 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (249KB) ( )   The hybrid of indica rice (Guanglu'ai 4) and japonica rice (Koganehikari or Sasanishiki) were used as experimental materials. The results indicated as follows: The growth of indica× japonica hybrid was greater than that of its parental lines. The difference of NH4+ uptake rate between hybrid and parental lines is in following order: maternal line (indica rice) >hybrid>paternal line(japonica rice). The difference of NH4+ uptake rate between maternal line and hybrid is less than that between hybrid and paternal line. It seems that the maternal line has larger influence on the NH4+ uptake rate of hybrid as compared with paternal line. The Km of NH4+ uptake rate was in the order: hybridm was maternal line>hybrid>paternal line, but the difference between maternal line and hybrid was less. So hybrid had lower Km and higher Im and absorbed NH4+ efficiently. The heterosis of NH4+ assimilation efficiency was observed in hybrid rice, about 10% overthat of its paternal lines.

实验技术

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Studies on the Simultaneous Analysis of Elements Content in Rice by ICP-AES with Microwave Oven Digesting Pan Jun,Qiu Lingcang,Duan Binwu 1991, 5(2): 87-90 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (237KB) ( )   A simultaneous multi element analytic method by ICP-AES with using PTFE closed-vessel microwave oven digestion procedures are established. Up to 20 elements are determined at one time with high sensitivity and accuracy. Detection limit and recovery rate are estimated. The results of 51 high quality rices is satisfying with quality control by comparing with Standard Reference Materials (NBS, GBW).

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The Infestation of the Brown Planthopper and the Whitebacked Planthopper on Rice Varieties Yu Xiaoping,Wu Guorui,Tao Linyong 1991, 5(2): 91-93 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (138KB) ( )

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Effects of Elevation on Rice Grain Quality by Grey Relational Grade Analysis Xiang Yuanhong,Tang Qiyuan 1991, 5(2): 94-96 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (163KB) ( )