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05 December 1991, Volume 5 Issue 4 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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研究报告
实验技术
研究简报


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研究报告

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Inheritance in vitro Response of Mature Embryo Culture in Oryza sativa Chen Zhang,Zhu Xiuying 1991, 5(4): 145-150 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (358KB) ( )   The study of genetic model, combining ability and heritability of callus induction rate, green plant differentiation rate and culturability of rice embryo culture was made with both a p(p+1)/2 diallel set of crosses (desigh I) and f×m incomplete diallel set of crosses (design Ⅱ) in 1989. Variance analysis indicated the significant difference existed in genotypes. The genotype was of a mainly factor affecting the culturability in vitro, and differed among the various traits on genotype influence. Wr-Vr graph showed all the traits appeared partly dominant. The variance of GCA in female and SCA were highly significant by F-test for the overwhelming majority of characters. The effect of female on F1 hybrids in the culturability in vitro was significantly. The GCA estimates showed that there are difference between parents for the same traits, as well as between various characters of a parent. Moreover, SCA varied with combinations. Callus induction rate and green plant differentiation rate of embryo in vitro culture were controlled by additive-dominance-epistasis model in the inheritance, and culturability in vitro by additive-dominance model without epistasis in its inheritance.

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Classification of the F1 Intersubspecific Hybrids between Indica and Japonica and Its Relation to the F1 Hybrid Vigor Yang Zhenyu,Liu Wanyou 1991, 5(4): 151-156 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (262KB) ( )   In this study, 28 parents of crosses between indica and japonica rices were classified by Cheng's index. Results showed that the parents could be grouped into indica and japonica types. Among them most of the widely compatible lines were like to javanica. The F1 hybrids with indica as female parent were largely indica type, accounting for 73.1% of the total, while those with japonica as female parent were largely japonica type, accounting for 72.4%. Among the F1 of 92 crosses between indica and japonica the percentage of intermediate type was 73.9%, indicating that the nature of F1 was determined by both the cytoplasm and the genetic background of parents. The difference in Cheng's index between the two parents was very significantly negatively correlated with the seed-setting rate in F1 and very significantly positively correlated with the biological yield in F1. If the difference value was adequate (6-13), higher seed-setting rate and biological yield, greater economic advantage would result in.

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Nutrient Value of Rice Protein on Different Rice Types Zhu Zhiwei,Yang Wei,Lin Ronghui 1991, 5(4): 157-162 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (380KB) ( )   One hundred forty-seven rice varieties which have different variety types and grain types and grain colors were used in this experiment. The protein content, EBVP(The estimate biological value of protein) and the amino acid content of protein were determined. There were obviously different in the protein content and quality among different rice types. The higher protein content was, the poorer protein quality was. Comparing with the Japonica or the waxy rice, the Indica rice had greater variation in protein content but less variation in amino acid composition of protein. EBVP of the purple rice was the highest; The protein content of the big embryo rice was the highest, but its protein quality was under the total average level; The scented rice was no superiority in protein; It is better to eat the brown rice or the light milled rice than to eat the milled rice.

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Simulation Study on Effects of Immigration Population on Population Dynamics of Brown Planthopper Cheng Jia'an,Zhang Lianguan,Fan Quangen,Zhu Zengrong 1991, 5(4): 163-168 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (288KB) ( )   Analysis of historical data indicated that the number of immigrants caught under light trap during early August and the peak size of immigration generation observed in late rice fields were significantly related to the peak size of the fourth generation, but not to the peak size of the fifth generation in Jiaxing, Zhejiang. A simulation study revealed that the population dynamics after immigration can be affected directly or indirectly by three characteristics of immigration including total immigrants, starting time and pattern through density dependent effects and the changes in living conditions for immigrants and their descendants. In consequence, the forecasting can be improved by understanding interactions between immigration population and other enviromental factors.

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The Male Sterility in Rice Plant Induced by CRMS: Ⅲ. Effect of CRMS on free proline content in anthers of rice and its possible relation to abortion of anther Yu Meiyu,Wang Xi,Tao Longxing,Yao Fude 1991, 5(4): 169-174 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (400KB) ( )   The feeding experiment with 3H-proline and infiltration one with 3H-glutamic acid into anthers were carried out to investige the effects of CRMS on proline transport from flag leaf into anthers, and the transformability of anthers from glutamic acid into proline and the possible cause of anther abortion. The results were obtained as follows: (1) There was significantly difference in the content of free proline in anthers between CK and CRMS treated plant at miosis of pollen mother cell. (2) The free proline in anthers mainly came from the vegetative parts, and this transporting process as an active one, could be inhibited by CRMS. The anther themselves can also transform glutamic acid into proline. These might result in the anther proline deficiency and its abortion.

实验技术

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Amplification of DNA Fragments Isolated from a Single Seed ofAncient Rice (AD 800) by Polymerase Chain Reaction (in English) Ikuo Nakamura,Yo-Ichiro Sato 1991, 5(4): 175-179 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (531KB) ( )   We report here that isolation of DNA from ancient rice seed found in the archaeological excavation (1,200 years old), which were preserved in a low amount of oxidants. A single ancient rice seed contained 50-100 ng of DNA which was half the amount of DNA extractable from a single living seed using the same extraction procedure. The DNA fragments from the ancient seed were recovered as 15-20 kbp fragments which were a little smaller than intact DNA. The extracted DNA was used as template of PCR reaction with primers against the rice phytochrome gene. Although the expected and unknown fragments were amplified at the same time, this result showed that the ancient DNA was active as a template of thermostable DNA polymerase. This suggests that PCR will be useful for the analysis of ancient rice seeds.

研究简报

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A Discussion on the Key to Species in the Genus Oryza Wu Wanchun 1991, 5(4): 180-182 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (129KB) ( )

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Analysis of Soluble Proteins in the Virescent Mutants of Rice by Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis Qian Qian,Yang Wei,Huang Danian,Yang Changdeng,Song Qingxian,Lin Jianrong 1991, 5(4): 183-185 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (240KB) ( )

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Weeds Control in Rice Field with NC-311 Yu Liuqing,Yao Yongjin,Hu Shuiquan,Lai Shenghua,Xu Shuilin 1991, 5(4): 186-188 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (202KB) ( )