Archive

10 October 1993, Volume 7 Issue 4 Previous Issue    Next Issue
---
研究报告
书评
研究报告
研究简报
研究简讯
研究简报
书评
研究简报


For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX

Toggle Thumbnails

研究报告

Select

Adaptability and Productivity of Photosynthesis in Hybrid Rice Tu Zengping,Cai Weijuan,Liu Bin,Liang Zuyang,Qiu Runheng 1993, 7(4): 193-198 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (188KB) ( )   By means of chemical hybridizing agents hybrid rice (Le／Qi) was obtained from cross between Lemont and Qiguizao，which are adapted to high and low light intensities respectively. Le/Qi and its parents were treated with high and low light in growth chamber for 30 days，measurements of photosynthetic characters and growth analysis were carried out every 10 days．Experimental results from quantum yield and Pn measurements indicated that the adaptable range of Le／Qi to high and low light intensities was improved，comparing with its parents. Especially under high light the relative reducing value of quantum yield of Le／Qi was much lower than that of Qiguizao．Crop growth rate (CGR) and increase rate of biomass of Le／Qi was remarkably higher than that of its male parent Qiguizao, an elite rice variety in Guangdong under both high and low light. The cause of it was that Le／Qi possessed higher LAI and NAR because of heterosis.

Select

Biological Efficacy of S-07 on Rice Seedling Wang Xi,Yu Meiyu,Tao Longxing 1993, 7(4): 199-204 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (604KB) ( )   In pot culture and field experiment, the biological efficacy of soaking rice seed in S-07(S-3307, Uniconazol) and MET(PP333) solution were studied. The results showed that the biological activity of S-07 is higher than that of MET as much as 10 folds. The biological efficacy of seed soaking in S-07 solution is higher than that of spraying on rice seedling and soil drenching with S-07, respectively. The growth rate of rice seedling was reduced with S-07 treatment and growth of rice seedling was not inhibited. The biological efficacy of S-07 has shown a strong retardent activity to control rice seedling growth, but promoted root and tiller growth of rice seedling, increased dry weight and root/shoot ratio of rice seedling. Light, temperature and soil moisture could affect the biological efficacy of S-07 on rice seedling.

Select

The Comparative Studies on Biological Characteristics between Five Indica-Japonica Hybrids and Their Parents Lu Chuangen,Gu Fulin,Lu Manli,Zou Jiangshi 1993, 7(4): 205-210 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (309KB) ( )   The comparative studies on biological characteristics were carried out in 13.3 m2 colony between five indiea-japonica hybrids and its parents. Comparison with the average of its parent, those hybrids showed: significant heterosis over by 13.96%-84.26% in the grain yield, sink capacity over by 27.68%-71.15% because of its more spikelets per panicle, biomass over by 11.79%-41.27% based on its high crop growth rate that caused by leaf area index and leaf area day, and no heterosis in harvest index. The high and stable seed set should be the main objective for cultivation and breeding of the indica-japonica hybrid.

书评

Select

Comments on Rice in China 1993, 7(4): 210-210 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (87KB) ( )

研究报告

Select

Effects of Temperature on Head Rice Rate Zhang Songwu,Zhou Deyi 1993, 7(4): 211-216 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (364KB) ( )   Nineteen rice varieties with five types were grown at different sowing dates in 13 places of China in 1988, the results showed that the head rice rate of various varieties has different equation of effects of mean daily temperature in grain-filling period, by which variation of head rice rate of 19 varieties can be divided into two types i.e. linear type and parabola type, and the sensitivity to temperature and optimum temperature of head rice rate of 19 varieties can be decided. According to sensitivity of head rice rate, 14 varieties with parabola type variation of head rice rate can be classified into three types: sensitive, middle and dull type In optimum temperature, japonica varieties are lower than indica ones, and in the varieties of indica, late varieties are lower than medium varieties, medium varieties are lower than early varieties.

Select

Gene Location of Bacterial Blight Resistance in Rice Variety Fengqing 2 Wan Huanqiao,Zhang Duanpin,Xiu Yuefeng 1993, 7(4): 217-221 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (337KB) ( )   By using 20 F2 segregating populations derived from the crosses between Fengqing 2, a Yunnan variety resistant to bacterial blight, and 14 japonica marker stocks and 6 primary trisomics, the linkage genetic analysis shows that Fengqing 2 has a gene Xa-j which confers resistance to bacterial blight(Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae) strain Jiangling 691 from Hubei Province of China. The gene Xa-j is linked to the marker gene sp of linkage group Ⅷ with map distance of 23. 2% and has a close relationship with primary trisomics G which has extra chromosome 9. Therefore, the gene Xa-j is located on chromosome 9.

Select

Plant Regeneration from Protoplasts Derived from Cell Suspensions of Green Shoots in Indica Rice Yang Changdeng,Zhao Chengzhang,Qi Xiufang 1993, 7(4): 222-226 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (1213KB) ( )   The calli induced from green shoots of indica rice Hu-18 on N6 medium with 2 mg/L 2,4-D were subcultured for about 45 days in AA liquid medium. A finely divided, fast growing cell suspension was established. During the first 6 days after subculture, dry weight of suspension cells doubled every 2 days, while the osmostic pressure and pH value of the culture medium were rapidly reduced. 4 days after subculture suspension cells were used for protoplast isolation. Protoplast yield reached 7. 84×106 protoplasts/g cells. Protoplasts were cultured in KPR medium with 0. 6% agarose. The plating efficiency of protoplasts was 12.0%. After 20 days, colonies (0.1 mm) were transferred onto N6 medium with 0. 5 mg/L 2,4-D, 1mg/L BA, 1 mg/L KT and 0. 3 mg/L ZT The growing calli 2-3 mm in diameter, were translcrred onto N6 medium with 1 mg/L BA, 1 mg/L KT, 0. 3 mg/L ZT and 0. 5 mg/L NAA for redifferentlaiion After 5 days, shoots and roots were observed. The green plantlet frequency was about 3. 5 per 10000 protoplasts.

Select

Effect of Maltose on Efficiency of Anther Culture of Rice Sun Zongxiu,Si Huamin,Zhan Xiaoyan 1993, 7(4): 227-231 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (395KB) ( )   The effect of different sugars (150 mmol/L for each) on callus induction in rice anther culture was initially investigated by using three indica cultivars. Maltose resulted in greater microspore callus induction than sucrose and other sugars. Further experiments with 7 indica, 2 japonica cultivars and several hybrids indicated that mean percentages of callus induction and then green plantlet regeneration were 54. 8% and 9. 70%, respectively, on maltose medium, which were significantly higher than those on sucrose medium. The strategy of raising the efficiency of indica rice anther culture and suitable calculative formula for callus induction rate are discussed.

Select

Transformation of Pyricularia oryzae with a Dominant Selectable Marker (in English) Tao Quanzhou 1993, 7(4): 232-238 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (1216KB) ( )   A transformation system based on a dominant selectable marker, hygromycin B resistance (hyg B′) gene, was established for Pyricularia oryzae. The plasmid pCSN43 conlaining a hyg B′ structure gene with a Trp C transcription signal of Aspergillus was functional in P. oryzae. There are neither homologous sequences of the marker in the recipient genome nor any hyg B′ spontaneous mutants. The transformation system offerred a clean background and facilitated selection and identification of transformants. Both electroporation and PEG/Ca2+ methods worked for transformation, and the high est transformation frequency was 25 transformants per microgram vector DNA on PEG/Ca2+ method.

研究简报

Select

Effect of High Concentration of Hormone on Embryo Development in Polyembryonic Rice Liu Xiangdong,Li Weiming,Pan Runsen,Lin Guanglin,Lin Xi 1993, 7(4): 239-242 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (529KB) ( )   The effects of high concentration of hormones, 2500 mg/kg 2,4-D and 2500 mg/kg GA3, on the embryo development of five polyembryonic rice by spike-spraying were studied. It showed that both the hormones had significant effect on killing zygotic proembryo, and the rate of killed embryos ranged from 15. 6% to 56. 2%. The frequencies of adventitious proembryo obviously increased in hormone treatment and the highest frequency was 4. 8%, which was nearly 4 times as high as that in CK. But the effect of hormone on sex-polyembryo frequency varied with different materials. It seemed that both hormones slightly decrease the polyembryo frequency of polyembryonic materials except that the frequency of PM3 rose sharply. Moreover, some kinds of abnormal embryos, such as "dwarf embryo", " giant embryo" etc., were observed.

Select

Identification of Photosynthetic Characteristics Adapted to Wide Range of Light Intensities in Rice Varieties Jiao Demao,Tong Hongyu,Zhang Jianxi 1993, 7(4): 243-246 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (259KB) ( )   The photosynthetic characteristics of indica-japonica cross combination and indica cross combination were identified under photooxidation and shading Conditions. Results showed that japonica rice 02428 and indica-japonica hybrid rice Yayou 2 were with photosynthetic characteristics adapted to wide range of light intensity; indica hybrid rice Shanyou 63 was tolerant to shading and sensitive to photooxidation; indica rice 3037, Minghui 63, Zhenshan 97A were sensitive to photooxidation and shading. The varieties with adaptation to wide rang of light intensity were characterized by less accumulation of toxic superoxide anion radical (O-) higher induced activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), an endogenous O- scavenger and relative stability in photosynthetic key enzyme RUBPcase activity. Simultaneously, these varieties also possess relative stability in specific leaf weight and photosynthetic productivity under shading condition (1/5 nature light). At present, it would be necessary to be combined photosynthetic characteristics adapted to wide range of light intensity with improved plant-type for high-yield breeding.

研究简讯

Select

Study on the Resistance to Yellow Stem Borer and Brown Planthopper in a Common Wild Rice SB1 Tan Yujuan,Zhang Yang,Pan Ying,Huang Bingchao 1993, 7(4): 246-246 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (72KB) ( )

研究简报

Select

Interspecific Superoxide Dismutase Zymogram of Genus Oryza Xu Bao,Wang Yumin,Wu Changming,Zhuang Bingchang 1993, 7(4): 247-250 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (712KB) ( )   Superoxide dismutase zymogram patterns of 15 species of the Genus Oryza were analyzed. There were 10 zymogram patterns, Ⅰ to Ⅹ, in Genus Oryza. The zymogram pattern, in general, was similar for the species with the same genome. Therefore, superoxide dismutase electrophoresis can be used as a biochemical index for taxonomic and genetic studies.

书评

Select

Remarks on Rice in China, an Important Book in Recent China 1993, 7(4): 250-250 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (69KB) ( )

研究简报

Select

Preliminary Study on the Absorption between Rice Proteins and Conidia of Pyricularia oryzae Huang Danian,Wang Jinxia,Yang Wen,Zou Qin 1993, 7(4): 251-252 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (170KB) ( )   The protein absorption between pathogen and its host plant was studied by IEF of leaf protein extracts from rice near-isogenic pair 183rr and 184ss treated with conidia of Pyricularia oryzae. Results indicated that two protein bands were specifically absorbed by the conidia. This phenomenon may be availuable for us to understand the mechanism of host-pathogen interaction.