Archive

20 August 1988, Volume 2 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue
---
研究报告
实验技术
研究简报


For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX

Toggle Thumbnails

研究报告

Select

Combining Ability Analysis of Different Cytoplasm Sources in Hybrid Rice Sun Dongfa,Li Shifen 1988, 2(2): 49-55 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (299KB) ( )   This paper is concerned in the comparison of combining ability for 19 characters in 4 alloplasmic lines Zhen-Shan 97, D(shan)A, G (shah) A and W (shah) A] which were crossed with 6 restorer lines by 4×6 partial diallel cross design, using line×tester analysis. The significance of cytoplasmic GCA and SCA variances showed the importance of cytoplasmic gene effects and the effects from nucleus-plasm interaction for 11 and 6 traits. The male sterile and fertile cytoplasm revealed negative and positive GCA effects for most of the investigated characters, respectively. The variations of GCA on most of the investigated traits due to nuclear genomes were bigger than that due to cytoplasmic genomes.The negative GCA effects of male sterile cytoplasms on objective traits could be decreased through some breeding methods. These findings indicated that cytoplasmic genomes were important genetic resources in improvement of objective traits in rice.

Select

The Analysis on the Esterase Isozymes of Wild Rice Species by Isoelectric Focusing Electrophoresis Huang Danian,Zhao Shiying,Wang Jinxia,Fan Zaifeng 1988, 2(2): 56-60 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (353KB) ( )   The 16 given wild rice species belong to the genomes AA, BB, CC, CCDD, BBCC, EE, or FF. The results of esterase isozymes isoelectric focusing electrophoresis indicate that there was individually a special pattern of esterase among Ser. sativae, Ser. latifoliae and Sect. Angustifolia of Oryza. The taxonomic results by analyzing esterase pattern for above three wild rice species groups were similar to that by classic taxonomy of wild rice species. And the samples of same species, collected from different geographical regions, mostly share similar pattern of esterase. However, there were variances in some esterase isozymes bands varied with species. Therefore, the esterase patterns can be used as one of the criteria of classification for wild rice species, and meanwhile used to reveal the fine genetic diversity in the same species as well.

Select

Comparative Observations on the Sporopollenin Behavior during the Process of Tapetal Disintegration of Normal and No Pollen Anthers in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) (in English) Lu Yonggen,Zhang Guiquan 1988, 2(2): 61-70 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (2275KB) ( )   Sporopollenin behavior during the process of tapetal disintegration of rice cultivar M-101 and its induced genetic male sterile(GMS) no pollen mutant, line Ⅰ-15, was observed by using the yellow fraction of pyronin B to specifically induce the sporopollenin to fluoresce. In cultivar M-101, the process of tapetal disintegration might be divided into two phases: secreting sporopollenin at microspore developmental stage; and degrading non-sporopollenin substances at pollen developmental stage. In line Ⅰ-15, although a series of abnormalities occurred during the process of tapetal disintegration, both the timing of the beginning and the phase sequence of tapetal disintegration were similar to those of cultivar M-101. The events of sporopollenin behavior during the process of tapetal disintegration and their relations to pollen development are discussed.

Select

Inheritance of and Selection for Field Resistance to Rice Blast Lin Hongbo,Li Zhikang,Lin Shicheng 1988, 2(2): 71-78 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (70KB) ( )   F1, F2, F3 from six crosses (Ginga/Mokoto, Mokoto/Ginga,Homare-nishiki/Mokoto, Mokoto/Reimei, Ginga/Suiyuan-Sanbai-Li and Ginga/Jing-Yue 1)were used for studying field resistance to rice-blast (Pyricularia oryzae) in Dandong City, Liaoning Province from 1982 to 1985. Characters such as numbers of infected spots and susceptible lesions per 100 square centimeter leaf area, the expansion rate of susceptible lesion, diseased leaf area(DLA), percentage of neck blast and relative resistance index(RRI) were investigated. They all showed normal or bias continuous distribution in F2 and F3 populations, suggesting polygenic inheritance. The highest hB2 and hN2 estimated were susceptible lesion number (hB2=79.5%) and percentage of neck blast (hN2=65.3%) respectively. Parentoffspring correlation coefficients estimated from F2 to F3 were all over significant level. Therefore selection for field resistance to rice blast is available in early generations. It is suggested that it would onclick="SelectDisplayDiv('EnDivSummaryMoreSummary','EnDivSummaryMore');DisplaySpanDiv('EnDivSummaryHuanYuan')">...更多be convenient and efficient to use DLA as a criterion for selecting field resistance in early generations; susceptible lesion numbers and expansion rate should be evaluated simultaneously in higher generations if more accurate results are to be expected.

Select

Preliminary Analysis on Antixenosis and Antibiosis Level of Rice Varieties to Whitebacked Planthopper (Sogatella furcifera) Hu Guowen,Mao Lixin,Tang Jian,Wang Songyao 1988, 2(2): 79-84 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (381KB) ( )   Fifty-two rice varieties resistant to whitebacked planthopper (WBPH) which were identified by standard seedbox screening technique (SSST) and field screening were tested for antixenosis (nonpreference) and 22 for antibiosis level. The results showed that varieties of Yunnan (China), such as Hao-Nuo-Liang, Bai-Nuo, Gui-Yi-Gu, Dian-Rui 337-68 et al. have higher level of antixenosis for humph feed, adult settle and oviposition N22. Leng-Shui-Gu(681), Jiao-Lu, Fa-Pao- Gu, Zhe-Li 1 have higher level of antibiosis for WBPH population growth, numph survival and honeydew excreted.

Select

Changes of the Informational Macromolecules during the Course of Growth and Senescence in Rice Calli Mei Chuansheng,Liu Baoren,Zhang Jinyu,Wu Guangnan 1988, 2(2): 85-88 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (275KB) ( )   In the first 20 days after subculture, the growth rate of rice calli was relative high; the contents of their nucleic acids and proteins were increasing and maintaining at relative high level;specific activities of their ribonuclease and hemoglobin-digesting proteinase were decreasing and keeping at relative low level. So, it was suggested to subculture rice calli within 20 days. According to morphologic and metabolic characteristics, it was proposed that the growth process of calli after subculture may be divided into vigorous growth, stable growth and senescing stages. There was a close relationship between content of nucleic acids and specific activity of ribonuclease or content of proteins and specific activity of hemoglobin-digesting proteinase. So it was suggested that ribonuclease and hemoglobin-digesting proteinase might play an active role in lowering the contents of nucleic acids and proteins of rice calli respectively after vigorous growth stage.

实验技术

Select

Studies on the Method of Multi-Component Analysis:Ⅰ. Quantitative determination of 12 organophosphorus pesticides at residue level by capillary column gas chromatography Liang Tianxi,Lou Xiaohua 1988, 2(2): 89-93 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (286KB) ( )   A simultaneous multi-compnoent at residue level analytical method by Capillary Column Gas Chromatography FPD (P mode) for 12 o.p. pesticides is established. The average detection limit is 0.2 ng and the recovery is between 99.94%±3.23%. The injection coefficient of variation is 3.18%. The method is highly sensitive, accurate, precision, and suitable for the detection of most of o.p. pesticides.

研究简报

Select

The Compatibility of F1 Hybrid between Indica and Japonica Zhang Shanqing,Cheng Shihua,Cao Liyong 1988, 2(2): 94-96 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (134KB) ( )