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28 August 1986, Volume 1 Issue 1    Next Issue
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研究报告
Reviews and Special Topics
研究报告
研究简报
实验技术


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研究报告

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Genetic Analysis for Blast Resistance in Some Indica Rice Varieties(Oryza sativa L.) Shen Zongtan,Zhang Wanggen,He Zuhua,Sun Shuyuan,Tao Rongxiang,Shi De 1986, 1(1): 1-7 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (495KB) ( )   The F1,F2 and B1F1 plants derived from the crosses of susceptible cultivar,Er-Jiu-Qing,with four resistant cultivars were artificially inoculated with four fungus strains (Pyricularia oryzae)respectively,and the resistant reactions of these populations were investigated.The results indicated that the resistance of cultivars,Hong-Jiao-Zuan,Chai-Tang,Tetep,745461-BG to strains ZB1,ZB15,ZC15,ZC3 are respectively governed by dominant genes,Ipi-1,Ipi-2,Ipi-3 and Ipi-4,and that these genes are closely linked. It was shown that the resistant genes in the cultivars are all allelic.

Reviews and Special Topics

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Hybrid Rice in China (in English) Yuan Longping 1986, 1(1): 8-18 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (530KB) ( )

研究报告

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A Study On Increasing Frequencies of Somatic Tissue-Derived Plants in Rice Zhao Chengzhang,Sun Zongxiu,Qi xiufang,Zheng Kangle,Liu Hongzheng,Fu Yaping 1986, 1(1): 19-25 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (266KB) ( )   (1)Oryza sativa(sinica type cv.) materials, which are difficult for differentiation in this region, effectively increased their frequencies of callus induction and plantlet differentiation through the pretreatment of different temperatures or growth in other regions of China. (2)Lower auxin level in basal culture medium N6,with additional hydrolytic lactalbamin and degradated nucleic acid,also increased the frequencies of callus formation and plantlet differentiation,but not so effectively as (1).

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Genetic Analysis of Notched Grain in Rice (in English) Xiong Zhenmin,Min Shaokai,Kong Fanlin,Zhu Xudong 1986, 1(1): 26-34 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (667KB) ( )   The occurance frequency of notched grain type in total 1,366 rice varieties and lines investigated has an average value of 5.63% and the correlation between notched type frequency and grain weight was positive with r=0.6195. In 1978, 1979 and 1981, 17 combinations were made among notched and normal grain varieties. F1, F2 and BF1, populations were analysed.It was found that notching was controlled by two pairs of complementary dommant genes in this study. Environmental conditions affected the degree of notching only. Such obstacles could be removed by successive selections at early generations.

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The Rice Production and Farming Technique in the Song Dynasty You Xiuling 1986, 1(1): 35-41 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (417KB) ( )   Science and technology reached a new high in the Song Dynasty(960-1279 A.D.), and so did the rice production and the rice cultivation technique. The paper discusses rice production of the time in two aspects. Firstly, the Song Dynasty excelled all its predecessors in the develoment of irrigation and cultivated land. Vigorous support was given to irrigation and water conservancy and terraced and embankment fields were built extensively to increase the cultivated land. Secondly, rice yield per unit area showed a considerable increase as a result of the advanced farming technique and effective measures including technique extension. introduction of early-ripe, drought-enduring varieties,intensive farming and field management,and marked increase in rice varieties and multiple cropping area. Besides,an explanation.was made for the decline of rice production in North China of the time.

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Varietal Differences in Optimum Leaf Area Index and Optimum Total Spikelet Number in Rice Yan Zhende,Hu Chengtai 1986, 1(1): 42-52 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (475KB) ( )   The varietal differences in opt. leaf area index and opt. number of total spikelets were investigated among rice varieties of various types. From old varieties Da-Che-Jing and Nong-Ken 57 to today's hybrid rice Shah-You 3, the opt. LAI of the three varieties are 3.2, 6.0 and 7.7, respectively. It was shown that the grain yield of a variety increases with increasing of its opt. LAI. The opt.number of total spikelets of Da-Che-Jing and Nong-Ken 57 were 15,630/m2 and 28,320/m2, respectively. Under good cultural conditions,the spikelet number of semidwarf hybrid rice Gan-Hun 2 may reach 61,000/m2 and its grain yield reach 13t/ha. Reducing the number of panicles per unit area properly seems to be a new way to increase the opt. LAI and opt. total spikelet number in the breeding of high-yield rice.

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The Interaction of Ethrel and Light Intensity on the Growth of Rice Culm Wu Guangnan,Tang Risheng,Zhang Jinyu 1986, 1(1): 53-57 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (275KB) ( )   Ethylene and light have significant interaction on the elongation of rice internodes. The date of the beginning of elongation of the first basal internode of rice was 19 and 10 days earlier than control plants respectively if treated with ethrel or shaded with four layers of cheese cloth(light intensity equal to 7% of natural daylight), and 23 days earlier than control plants if treated both with ethrel and shading(Table 2). Furthermore, ethrel or shading,if treated separately, had little effect on the length of the first basal elongated internode, but if treated simultaneously, the length of the first basal elongated internode was 10 cm. Which was significantly longer than that of control-2.3cm (Table 3). Hence, ethylene and light intensity have synergistic effect on the elongation of rice internode.

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Estimates of Ammonia Volatilization Losses from Applied Urea in a Wetland Rice Field Chen Rongye 1986, 1(1): 58-64 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (421KB) ( )   simple acid trap unit(Fig.1)was used to measure directly the ammonia volatilization losses from applied urea under farmer's wetland rice field conditions in Philippines.The deep-placed supergranules of urea gave the lowest ammonia losses.The incorporated prilled urea gave lower magnitude of ammonia volatilization losses in the wetland rice field without floodwater as compared to that with floodwater(Tab.1).From the urea topdressed at different stages of rice growth,the losses by ammonia volatilization,on average,ammounted to 11.9% of N apnlied(Tab.2). Total N(urea-NNH4+ -N),pH and temperature in floodwater were simultaneously tested for 10 days after fertilization in the wetland rice field.It was found that the applied urea resulted in a elevated N level in the floodwater which declined to rapidly negligible level within 3-6 days(Fig.2).Rather strong alkaline reaction in floodwater(pH>8)was often recorded(Fig.3)indicating that there was really a significant potential for ammoniaonclick="SelectDisplayDiv('EnDivSummaryMoreSummary','EnDivSummaryMore');DisplaySpanDiv('EnDivSummaryHuanYuan')">...更多 volatili- zation in the wetland rice field,though the soil(pH 6.0)and the irrigation water(pH 6.5) both were slight acidic.

研究简报

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Dan-2090Ai,A Dwarf Mutant Found from the Pure Line of Anther Culture in Rice Xue Qingzhong,Shen Shengquan,Yan Juqiang,Chen Hesheng 1986, 1(1): 65-68 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (239KB) ( )

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Effects of Hybrid Generations on the Formation of Pollen Plants in Indica Rice Yang Huaguo 1986, 1(1): 69-70 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (130KB) ( )

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Corelationship between the Total Sugar and Nitrogen Contents in Sheaths Plus Culms and Leaf Blades,and the Yields in Early Indica Rice Varieties Xu Dehai,Song Xiangfu 1986, 1(1): 71-73 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (173KB) ( )

实验技术

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Screening for Resistance in Rice to the Brown Planthopper,Nilaparvata lugens(Stal),Using the Modified Seedbox Screening Technique Zhang Zhitao,E A Heinrichs,F G Medrano 1986, 1(1): 74-79 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (336KB) ( )