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10 October 1989, Volume 3 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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研究报告
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研究报告

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Genetic Studies on the Hybrid Sterility in Cultivated Rice(Oryza sativa):Ⅰ. Diallel Analysis of the Hybrid Sterility among Isogenic F1 Sterile Lines Zhang Guiquan,Lu Yonggen 1989, 3(3): 97-101 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (771KB) ( )   In order to compare the loci of genes controlling F1 sterility in Taichung 65, a Keng (Japonica)variety of rice(Oryza sativa L.), and its five isogenic F1-sterile lines,diallel crosses(6× 6)were made. The results showed that five isogenic F1-sterile lines carried three different sets of loci, denominated E2, E3 and E5 set lines carried three different sets of loci,denominated E2,E3 and E5 set respectively.E2 and E5 sets mainly produced stainable abortive pollens(SAP), whereas E3 set mainly did empty abortive pollens(EAP).The action stage of E3 set was earlier than that of E2 and E5 sets.

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Induced Mutation in Rice by In-vitro Radiation Qi Xiufang,Zhao Chengzhang,Zheng Kangle,Min Shaokai,Xiong Zhenmin 1989, 3(3): 102-107 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (215KB) ( )   The experiment indicated the adequate dose(0.645～1.290 C/kg) and growth stage for in-vitro radiation treatment. The results were: 1)Effect of 137Cs-γ rays on redifferentiation and rate of green plantlets of somatic cells at different growth stage is different. The sequence of effect is callus>callus with green spots>callus with green shoot>mature embryo of dry seed. 2)The fertility of regenerated rice plants decreased with the radiation dose from 0 to 2.58 C/kg, and the rate of exserted stigma increased. 3)The occurence with early maturity increased up to 3.8%, among with about 0.5% of the plant lines matured 15 days earlier. 4)Tow male sterile lines with extruded stigmas were obtained, whose plant heights were reduced.Its frequency of occurance by in-vitro radiation is more than by coventional radiation and somatic cell culture.

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Effects of Twilight on Two Photoperiod Reactions in Hubei Photoperiod sensitive Genic Male-sterile Rice(HPGMR) Zhang Ziguo,Yuan Shengchao 1989, 3(3): 107-112 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (330KB) ( )   The obvious effects of twilight on two photoperiod reactions in HPGMP was presented. Its main reaction may be that effective light-length is prolonged.If the twilight would be covered in the first photoperiod reaction of HPGMR,the spikelet primordium initiation and heading will be accel- erated. When the natural light-length is near the critical value in the secondary photoperiod reaction, if the twilight would be covered,the poliens might be changed from sterility to fertility, and the process of spikelet primordium initiation was accelerated. But the sterile pollen might be induced,if morning twilight had not been covered.It indicated that the morning twilight is more intensive and its effect more obvious than twilight. Authors put forward a new opinion that a day should be divided into “day”and“night” by “light-length” (containing day-length and the effective twilight)may be more accurate than by “day-length”。

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Study on Intersubspecific Compatibility in Rice(Oryza sativa) Xu Yunbi,Wang Jianjun,Shen Zongtan 1989, 3(3): 113-119 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (496KB) ( )   Analysis on spikelet fertility of intersubspecific F1 hybrids revealed that IR58 and Er-Jiu-Feng(indicas), and Xiu-Shui 117 and T8340(Japonicas)showed intersubspecific compatibility. When crossed to 43 japonica testers,spikelet fertility of F1 with IR58 was higher than that with Er-Jiu-Feng for some testers and vice versa for the others,and the difference of fertility between IR58/japonica and Er-Jiu-Feng/japonica could be up to 72.6 percent points.When crossed to 10 indica testers spikelet fertility of F1' with Xiu-Shui 117 were all higher than those with T8340, and the difference of fertility between Xiu-Shui 117/indica and T8340/indica could be up to 39.6 percent points. It was suggested that the intersubspecific compatibility of a variety could not be so wide that all of the F1's had a high fertility when crossed with indica and japonica testers. There were not only general compatibility but also specific compatibility between the tested variety and its testers,Linkage or correlation between compatibility and chromogen was not found in the tested compatible varieties.

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High Yielding Effect with Reduced Rates of Herbicide Treatment Yu Liuqing,R J Smith Jr 1989, 3(3): 119-122 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (208KB) ( )   Standard and reduced rates of fenoxaprop[ethyl 2-(4-(6-chloro-2- benzoxazolyloxy)-phenoxy) propanasate]was applied singly, sequentially and following propanil (3',4'-dichloropropionamilide) at different growth stages of rice and weeds to compare standard and reduced rates of the herbicide treatments for control of barnyardgrass(Echinochloa crusgalli (L.)Beauv.),bearded sprangletop(Leptochloa fascicularis(Lam.)Gray), rice flatsedge (Cyperus iria L.), red-root flatsedge(Cyperus erythrorhizos), and Eclipta(Eclipta alba(L.) Hassk)in rice(Oryza sativa L. cv. Tebonnet). Excellent control of all weeds and the highest grain yield were obtained with early post-emergence(2-leaf barnyardgrass) treatment of propanil at 3.4 kg ai/ha followed by fenoxaprop at reduced rates of 0.08 and 0.11kg ai/ha ap- plied to rice in the three-leaf stage. Fenoxaprop applied singly or sequentially controlled barnyardgrass and bearded sprangletop, but failed to control flatsedges or Eclipta. Rice plants injury was slight to moderate with standard and reduced rates of fenoxaprop, the crop recovered by 19 days after treatment.

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Effect of Milling Degree on Some Quality Characteristics of Milled Rice Luo Yukun,Min Jie,Wu Xujun,Chen Yuying,Lin Ronghui 1989, 3(3): 123-128 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (281KB) ( )   The effect of milling degree from 0 to 20% by weight on some quality characteristics of milled rice were studied with 5 medium to long-grain indica varieties. The results indicated that the quality characteristics were influenced significantly by the milling degree. Correlations between milling degree and whiteness, alkaline spreading value, gel consistency and amylose content of milled rice were all positive, whereas negative between milling degree and head milled rice recovery, the ratio of length to width of the kernels, and crude protein of milled rice.

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The Structure and the Correct of the Structural Components of Rice(Oryza sativa) Embryo Xu Xuebing,Han Huizhen,S Y Zee 1989, 3(3): 129-137 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (2139KB) ( )   Based on scanning electron microscopic observation,the surface feature of embryogeny process and the morphology of the various components that make up the embryo were described(Fig.1, Fig.3—3,5). The chaotic naming of the various components of the rice embryo was reviewed and checked. Thus, the wrong description of rice embryo morphology was found, for example,Juliano considered coleoptile or lateral-scale as epiblast(Fig.4-4, Fig.6-1); Yung and Kiyochika mistook the lateral scale as ventral scale(Fig.4-2); and in two Chinese translation books of Japanese the lateral scale was mistaken as coleoptile(Fig.4-1); etc. In this paper a new revised scheme of the structure of rice embryo and the naming of its structural components was proposed(Fig.7).

研究简报

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Preliminary Analysis on Antibiosis of Fourteen Rice Varieties from Taiwan to Whitebacked Planthopper(Sogatella furcifera) Hu Guowen,Ma Jufa,Tang Jian,Sheng Xianqiao 1989, 3(3): 138-140 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (124KB) ( )

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Differences in Isozymes between Indica and Japonica Rice Cultivars Tang Linghua,Yo-Ichiro Sato,Hiroko Morishima 1989, 3(3): 141-144 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (242KB) ( )