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17 December 1990, Volume 4 Issue 4 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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研究报告
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研究报告

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Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism in Rice Zheng Kangle,Shen Bo,Yu Fei,Zhao Chengzhang,Qi Xiufang,Xu Xingming 1990, 4(4): 145-149 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (417KB) ( )   Eight genotypes of cultivated (Oryza sativa L.)and wild rice (Oryza glumaepatula)were surveyed for restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) using 9 probes and 4 endonucteases, all together 19 probe / enzyme combinations. Results indicated that RFLPs existed generally in rice. The RFLPs were more obvious between subspecies than within the subspecies.The RFLPs between cultivated and wild rice were obvious. The RFLPs between japonica and wild rice were the greatest, which were 58-68%. Nei's average gene diversity was used as a measure of genetic variability for restriction fragment lengths within genotypes and a dendrogram was constructed from genetic distance estimates between genotypes. Genotypes of japonica and indica were grouped respectively. The indica was closer relative of wild rice than japonica. The javaniea variety Ketan Nangka, which showed wide compatibility, was more closer to indica.

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Genetic Analysis of Blast and Bacterial Blight Resistance in Three japonica Rice Varieties (Oryza sativa) Xu Jianlong,Shen Zongtan,Lin YIzi 1990, 4(4): 150-156 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (268KB) ( )   Inheritance on resistance of three japonica varieties Cheng-Te 232, Jia 23 and Zhe-Hu 8 to blast races ZD1, ZE1 and ZF1 and 8810-1 isolate of bacterial blight was analysed. Three resistant parents had two dominant duplicate resistant genes to ZD1 and ZF1 races and according to allelism test at least one of them was allelic. They had different single dominant gene respectively to ZE1 race. The bacterial blight resistance of Cheng-Te 232 and Jia 23 was controlled by a single dominant gene, and two dominant complementary genes for Zhe-Hu 8.Allelism test indicated the genes of Cheng-Te 232 and Jia 23 were allelic and nonallelic to those of Zhe-Hu 8.These resistant genes of diseases of resistant parents were deduced.And the utilization of three resistant parents in disease resistance breeding was discussed.

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Studies on Response to Photoperiod and Temperature of the Photoperiod-Sensitive Genic Male Sterile Rice (PGMSR): Ⅰ. Observation of fertility in PGMSRs under natural conditions at Hangzhou (30°05′N) Cheng Shihua,Sun Zongxiu,Min Shaokai,Xiong Zhenmin,Ying Cunshan,Si Huamin 1990, 4(4): 157-163 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (288KB) ( )   The change of fertility in PGMSRs, including 6 indica and 5 japonica rices, was observed under natural conditions at Hangzhou (30°05′N, 119°56′E, 6.5m). It was shown that the response of PGMSR to photoperiod and temperature was different with their genetic background and that the fertility transfer date varied in the tested PGMSRs.Temperature played an important role in fertility transfer of PGMSRs, as to indica, its role seems much more important or dominant.

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Comparative Studies on Stomatal Density and Its Relations to Gas Diffusion Resistance and Net Photosynthetic Rate in Rice Leaf Chen Wenfu,Xu Zhengjin,Zhang Longbu,Yang Shouren 1990, 4(4): 163-168 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (295KB) ( )   Studies were made on differences among types and varieties of rice in stomatal density and gas diffusion resistance, and on the relationship between these traits and photosynthetic rate. Significant differences among types and varieties were found in stomatal density and gas diffusion resistance.Generally, stomatal density was higher in indica varieties than in japonica varieties, gas diffusion resistance was lower in the former than in the later, in varieties developed through indica-japonica hybridization it was intermediate.The stomatal density was closely positively correlated with the gas conductivity and the net photosynthetic rate, had significant negative correlation with specific leaf weight, and was not correlated with single leaf area. Higher photosynthetic rate of indica varieties mainly results from its high stomatal density and low gas diffusion resistance.The result also suggested that high photosynthetic rate might be obtained if the characters of high stomatal densityonclick="SelectDisplayDiv('EnDivSummaryMoreSummary','EnDivSummaryMore');DisplaySpanDiv('EnDivSummaryHuanYuan')"> and low gas diffusion resistance in indica could be combined with the character of the larger specific leaf weight in japonica through crossing between two

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Study of Regulation Technique of Rice Plantlet in vitro with Multi-Effect Triazole Zhao Chengzhang,Qi Xiufang,Zheng Kangle,Xu Xingming 1990, 4(4): 169-174 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (960KB) ( )   The results indicated that: (1) Multi-Effect Triazole (MET) inhibitcd the callus induction from immature embryo. However, the callus redifferentiation and green plantlet formation were promoted significantly, especially with lower concentration of MET (2.5mg/l); (2) MET inhibited the plant height obviously and promoted the development of the root system of plantlet, such effect usually maintained for about 2 months But the effect of MET on leafage was not significant; (3) The survival rate of MET hardened plantlets was about 95% and the plantlcts grew more vigorously after transplanting; (4) compared with the control, the MET treated plantlets contained bigger vascular, thicker mesophyll cells, denser surface cells and more inclusion in the vascular cells.

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Antibiosis and Its Resistance Evaluation of Xiu-Shui 620 to the Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens Gao Chunxian,Gu Xiuhui,Bei Yawei 1990, 4(4): 175-180 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (268KB) ( )   Some antibiosis effects of Xiu-Shui 620 to brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens were presented in this paper. The parameters from laboratory were estimated as trend index of population and intrinsic control rate of N. lugens. The field control effect of Xiu-Shui 620 on N.lugens are also observed. 1) In efficts of antibiosis, the area of honeydew excreted by BPH on Xiu-Shui 48 was 37.8% of the susceptible variety, Xiu-Shui 48. Body-weight of BPH of adult after a generation reared on Xiu-Shui 620 was significantly lighter than that on Xiu-Shui 48. The mean number of eggs reared on Xiu-Shui 620 was 191/♀; Xiu-Shui 48was 316.2 / ♀ and IR64 only 87.5/♀ .The survival rate of BPH reared on Xiu-Shui 620, IR64 was a 50% decrease of reared on Xiu-Shui 48. The emergence rate of BPH from instar 5 to adult reared on Xiu-Shui 620 and IR64 was apparently less than on Xiu-Shui 48. 2) The trend index of population of N. lugens. Xiu-Shui 48,I=139.6; Xiu-Shui 620, I=30.30; IR64, I=19.09. The intrinsic control rate: in this experiment, the intrinsic control rate of Xiu-Shui 620 to N. lugens was 0.7829 and IR64 was 0.8632.3) The field control rate : in this experiment, the field control rate of Xiu-Shai 620 to N. lugens was 77.23%. 4) Number of spider: in the field ,the cumulative spider-days on Xiu-Shui 620 was 86.3 / hill and Xiu-shui 48 was 88.9 / hill.

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Effect of the Lower Temperature in Mid-summer on the Fertility Stability of HPGMR Bi Chunqiu,Li Zebing,Wan Jingmeng 1990, 4(4): 181-184 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (161KB) ( )

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Review On Rice Cultivation in China Gu Zifen 1990, 4(4): 185-186 .  Abstract ( )   PDF (151KB) ( )