Abstract: Some grain quality traits of 25 new hybrid rice combinations in regional trial of Sichuan Province in 2001 were analyzed. According to Standard for Fine Quality Rice, by Ministry of Agriculture, China (NY/T83-1988), no combination reached the 2nd class standard of chalky rice rate, and the combinations reached the 1st class standard in gel consistency were rare. The correlations between chalky rice rate and chalky area, amylose content and chalky rice rate were significantly positive at 1% and 5% levels, respectively. The correlation between amylose content and chalky area was significantly negative at 5% level, and the correlations between grain yield and gel consistency, grain yield and amylose content were significantly positive at 5% level, respectively. It suggested that, in order to obtain desirable grain quality in hybrid rice, it was necessary to reduce chalky rice rate and chalky area and increase gel consistency; and to properly increase 1000-grain weight in hybrid rice might be considered in good grain quality and high yielding rice breeding.

Key words: hybrid rice, grain quality, yield trait, correlation analysis, principal component analysis

摘要： 对2001年参加四川省优质米组区试的25个新组合的主要品质指标进行了分析，并研究了主要品质性状与产量性状的关系。结果表明，参试组合中没有一个组合的垩白率达到部颁优质米（NY/T831988）二级标准，胶稠度达到一级标准的组合比例很少；垩白粒率与垩白度呈极显著正相关，直链淀粉含量与垩白粒率和胶稠度分别呈显著正相关和负相关；产量与垩白度和直链淀粉含量分别呈显著和极显著正相关。适当增加千粒重可兼顾杂交稻的品质改良与产量提高。

关键词: 杂交水稻, 品质性状, 产量性状, 相关分析, 主成分分析