Abstract: The grain plumpness under two cultivated methods (the system of rice intensification and traditional cultivation) was investigated using 18 mid-season hybrid rice combinations. There existed a highly signi ficant negative correlation between the difference of grain plumpness under the two cultivated methods and spikelets per panicle. The small- or middle-panicle hybrid rice though they showed significant decrease in leaf-grain ratio under the system of rice intensification maintained normal grain filling due to plenty of source supply, while the big-panicle hybrid rice was on the contrary. It suggested that spikelets per panicle less than 173 under traditional cultivation, was a index for selecting variety in applying the system of rice intensification in the southern region of Sichuan Province.

Key words: hybrid rice, the system of rice intensification, cul tivation method, ratio of source to sink, grain plumpness

摘要： 以18个杂交中稻组合为材料，分别进行强化栽培和传统栽培两组试验，研究了源库结构与强化栽培的籽粒充实度之间的关系。结果表明，强化栽培的籽粒充实度与组合的着粒数关系密切，不同组合强化栽培与传统栽培籽粒充实度的差值（强化栽培-传统栽培）分别与强化栽培和传统栽培下各组合相应的着粒数呈极显著负相关。尽管在强化栽培条件下所有组合穗子变大使其叶粒比均有所下降，但中小穗型组合仍有足够的光合源保证籽粒的正常灌浆结实。与此相反，大穗型组合在强化栽培条件下因库的增大使源库矛盾进一步加剧，致使结实率、充实率和充实指数较传统栽培显著降低。在四川南部中稻区，传统栽培条件下的着粒数不超过173粒的中小穗型组合可作为强化栽培选择品种的参考指标。

关键词: 杂交水稻, 强化栽培, 栽培方式, 源库结构