Abstract: To dissect the major restorer gene of D-type hybrid rice restorer line,a set of near-isogenic lines(NILs) carrying gene of fertility restoration from Minghui 63 with a genetic background of D297A were used. Through careful trait investigation and marker-assisted selection of the offsprings of both the back-crossed and self-crossed plants,an individual,NIL 818,which contained a major restorer gene and had genetic background very similar to that of D297A(only 1.5% of the SSR sites revealed the genotype of Minghui 63) was chosen.Moreover,the fertility segregation ratio of F2 populations of D297A/818,D62A/818 and Zhenshan 97A/818 were fitted to 3∶1 confidently,it was proved that the NIL 818 contained a major restorer gene.Investigation on the pollen fertility and seed setting rate of F1 population of these combinations and the seed setting rate of the hybrids with NIL 818 crossed by several types of CMS lines in different ecological areas indicated that the difference of fertility restoration ability between the single major restorer gene and the whole restorer genes of Minghui 63 was very small,and the expression of the major restorer gene was stable in different genetic backgrounds.

Key words: rice, restorer gene, genetic analysis, QTL dissection, marker assisted selection

摘要： 利用明恢63与D297A构建的近等基因系对D型杂交水稻恢复系主效恢复基因进行了剖分，连续回交7代后，经自交和测交筛选并结合农艺性状比较和SSR分子标记辅助选择，将明恢63的主效恢复基因剖分到具有D297A遗传背景的近等基因系818中，该近等基因系遗传背景与297A相似，SSR标记差异为1.5%。对近等基因系818恢复基因的遗传分析证明，该近等基因系具有一对主效恢复基因。近等基因系818与不同类型的不育系杂交后在不同生态地区的试验表明，近等基因系818所含单个主效恢复基因的恢复力与明恢63所含有的2对以上恢复基因的恢复力表现没有差异，并且在不同遗传背景和生态环境中的表现相似；单个主效恢复基因的恢复力在不同生态环境的表现稳定。

关键词: 水稻, 恢复基因, 遗传分析, QTL剖分, 分子标记辅助选择, 遗传分析