Abstract: In past five years from 1984 to 1988, 48 cases of male sterile (ms) mutants in nine varieties were found, in which 30 cases belonged to R₁ generation and 28 to R₂ generation. The frequency of ms variation in R, generation was around 1% and 2% in R₂ generatiom. According to the characters of ms-mutants and their genetic expressions,pollen grain free(nuclear sterile) and abortive pollen (cytoplasmic genetic sterile) could be classified, In 1R54, two cases of pollen grain free ms-mutants were discovered similar in different generations (R₁ and R₂ generation) and different years (1985 and 1986) . Among ms-mutants of the abortive pollen type, one (54257) was found to be the cytoplasmic genetic male sterile mutant. Zheng-Shan 97, Er-Jiu-Ai,162-5 (a stable somaclonefrom IR52) and Gui-Chao 2 could maintain male sterility when crossed to the ms line (54257). IR24, IR36, IR54,Shuang-Er-Zhan and others could restore its fertility. This result showed that "54257" was a cytoplasmic ms-mutant. This is the first sample that the cytoplasmic ms mutant could be induced by tissue culture in the world.

Key words: Indica rice, Plant tissue culture, Somaclonal variation

摘要： 通过组织培养，于1984一1988年间，在9个品种(14次)中离体筛选到雄性不育突变件48个，其中发生在R1代的20个，R2代的28个。根据花粉败育之特点，可将这些突变体分为无花粉型及花粉败育型。发现起源于IR54的一体细胞无性系“54257”，在其R2代分离出雄性不育突变体，继之对它以各种品种进行测交，其杂种一代有的组合表现育性恢复，有的组合仍保持雄性不育。由此确证它属核质互作型雄性不育。该雄性不育突变体，就其恢保关系考察，初步认为其细胞质性质与野败型（WA型）类似。这是由体细胞无性变异产生核质互作型雄性不育的首例报道。

关键词: 籼稻, 植物组织培养, 体细胞无性系变异