Cytoplasmic Source Analysis of Sterile Lines from 5460 Three-line Hybrid Rice Varieties

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】The 50 years of three-line hybrid rice breeding also represents 50 years of continuous innovation
in three-line CMS line development. It is important to clarify the cytoplasmic types of three-line hybrid rice sterile lines
and their derivative pathways. This will enable the quick establishment of the restoration relationship and the accurate
tracing of the genealogy of rice sterile lines, ultimately promoting the effective utilization of rice heterosis.【Methods】
Based on rice materials and data including the genealogy of three-line hybrid rice varieties nationally and provincially
approved from 1974 to 2023 in China, we summarized the derived genealogy of each sterile cytoplasm, and analyzed the
breeding utilization level of each sterile line.【Results】Over the past 50 years, there have been 966 male sterile lines with
clear cytoplasmic classification information among the three line hybrid rice varieties, and they were classified into 16
categories based on their respective sterile cytoplasm: wild abortive (WA) type, Indonesian Shuitiangu (ID) type, Boro II
(BT) type, Dissi (D) type, K type, Gambiaca (GA) type, dwarf abortive (DA) type, Honglian (HL) type, Javanese rice
(LX) type, Wanhui (NX) type, Dongxiang wild rice (D1) type, Guangzhou wild rice (GW) type, Gaozhou wild rice (GZ)
type, Zhangpu wild rice (FA) type, Maxie (MX) type, and Y type. The analysis results revealed that the WA, ID, and BT
types had the highest number of CMS lines, accounting for 78.38% of the total CMS lines and 77.77% of the total
three-line hybrid rice varieties. In contrast, the MX, D1, Y, and GZ types had the lowest number of CMS lines,
representing only 1.55% of the total CMS lines and 1.15% of the total three-line hybrid rice varieties. 【Conclusion】With
the continuous creation of parental materials for three-line hybrid rice, the diversity of cytoplasmic sources in sterile lines
and the degree of breeding utilization have been significantly improved. This has not only solved the potential risks
caused by a single CMS cytoplasm, but also enriched the utilization pathways of heterosis of three-line hybrid rice
breeding in China.

Key words: three-line hybrid rice, varietal resources, cytoplasm of sterile lines, genealogy, breeding utilization

摘要： ：【目的】三系杂交稻育种的50 年，也是三系不育系不断创新的50 年。厘清三系杂交稻不育系的细胞质
类型及其主要衍化途径，对于快速确立恢保关系、准确溯源水稻不育系系谱，促进水稻杂种优势的有效利用具有
重要作用。【方法】试验材料与数据来自1974－2023 年通过国家和省级审定的三系杂交水稻及其系谱资料。对
50 年来通过国家或省级审定的三系杂交稻不育系细胞质进行了系谱梳理，并对主要不育系细胞质类型在杂交稻育
种中的利用进行了分析。【结果】过去50 年来，各级审定的三系杂交稻品种中，不育系细胞质信息比较清楚的
不育系有966 个。根据各自的不育系细胞质类型划分成16 个类型，分别是野败型、印水型、包台型、D 型、K
型、冈型、矮败型、红莲型、爪哇稻型、万恢型、东乡野生稻型、广州野生稻型、高州野生稻型、漳浦野生稻型、
马协型和Y 型。分析结果显示野败型、印水型和包台型不育系数量分列前三位（累计不育系个数占比78.38%，
累计选育三系杂交稻品种数占比77.77%），马协型、东乡野生稻型、Y 型和高州野生稻型不育系数量分列最后四
位（累计不育系个数占比1.55%，累计选育三系杂交稻品种数占比1.15%）。【结论】随着三系杂交稻育种的发
展，不育系细胞质源的种类和育种利用程度均得到了显著提升，不仅解决了单一不育系细胞质可能造成的潜在风
险，而且丰富了我国三系杂交稻育种中不育系细胞质来源的多样性。

关键词: 三系杂交稻, 品种资源, 不育系细胞质, 系谱, 育种利用

LI Wei, XU Xia , BIAN Ying, ZHANG Xiaobo, FAN Jiongjiong, CHENG Benyi, YANG Shihua, WU Jianli, WEI Xin, ZENG Bo, GONG Junyi. Cytoplasmic Source Analysis of Sterile Lines from 5460 Three-line Hybrid Rice Varieties[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science.

李伟, 徐霞, 边莹, 张晓波, 范炯炯, 程本义, 杨仕华, 吴建利, 魏鑫, 曾波, 龚俊义. 5460 个三系杂交稻品种的不育系细胞质来源分析[J]. 中国水稻科学.

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