Research Progress in Physiological，Biochemical Responses of Rice to Drought Stress and Its Molecular Regulation

doi:10.16819/j.1001-7216.2024.230410

Abstract

Abstract:

Rice is one of the most important food crops globally, and its growth requires more water than many other crops. With global warming, drought has emerged as the main factor limiting crop yields. Therefore, based on recent research achievements, this paper summarizes the self-protection mechanisms of rice under drought stress. This includes aspects such as morphology (plant height, roots, leaves, number of tillers, and plant biomass), physiology (stomata, transpiration, photosynthesis, and water use efficiency), biochemistry (plant hormones, proline, other osmotic regulators, and antioxidants), and molecular biology (expression levels of drought resistance genes). The aim is to comprehensively understand rice's drought resistance mechanisms and provide a reference for breeding drought-resistant varieties

Key words: rice, drought stress, yield, morphology, physiology and biochemistry, molecular level

摘要：

水稻是全球最重要的粮食作物之一，其生长过程需要大量水分。随着全球气候变暖，干旱成为其产量的重要限制因素。因此，本文结合近些年的研究成果从形态（根系和地上部）、生理（气孔、蒸腾作用、光合作用和水分利用率）、生化（植物激素、脯氨酸等渗透调节剂和抗氧化剂）及分子水平（抗旱基因的表达水平）综述了水稻在干旱胁迫下的自我保护机制，可为全面了解水稻抗旱机制和选育抗旱品种提供参考。

关键词: 水稻, 干旱胁迫, 产量, 形态, 生理生化, 分子水平

GUO Zhan, ZHANG Yunbo. Research Progress in Physiological，Biochemical Responses of Rice to Drought Stress and Its Molecular Regulation[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2024, 38(4): 335-349.

郭展, 张运波. 水稻对干旱胁迫的生理生化响应及分子调控研究进展[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2024, 38(4): 335-349.

Figures/Tables 2

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基因 Gene		组织特异性表达 Tissue-specific expression	编码蛋白 Coding protein	调控影响 Effect	作用方式 Function	文献 Ref.
OsbZIP42		小穗 Spikelet	bZIP转录因子 bZIP transcription factor	正向调控 Positive regulation	正调控ABA信号传导 Regulate ABA signaling positively	[122]
OsbZIP62		根 Root	bZIP转录因子 bZIP transcription factor	正向调控 Positive regulation	正调控ABA信号传导和氧化应激反应 Regulate ABA signaling and oxidative stress responses positively	[123]
OsNAC2d		成熟籽粒、叶片、花药 Grain, leaf and anther	NAC转录因子 NAC transcription factor	正向调控 Positive regulation	受干旱胁迫诱导 Induced by drought stress	[124]
OsNAC006		叶、茎、叶鞘 Leaves, stem and sheath	NAC转录因子 NAC transcription factor	正向调控 Positive regulation	抗旱性增强 Enhance drought resistance	[125]
OsMYBR57		—	MYB转录因子 MYB transcription factor	正向调控 Positive regulation	调控干旱相关bZIP家族基因表达 Regulate drought related bZIP family genes	[126]
OsS1Fa1		叶、茎和根 Leaves, stem, root	S1Fa转录因子 S1Fa transcription factor	正向调控 Positive regulation	受干旱胁迫显著诱导 Significantly induced by drought stress	[127]
OsDi19		—	锌指转录因子 Zinc finger transcription factor	正向调控 Positive regulation	调控气孔关闭 Regulate stomatal closure	[128]
OsTF1L		芽的外表皮细胞和维管系统Epidermal cell layer and vascular of buds	HD-Zip转录因子 HD-Zip transcription factor	正向调控 Positive regulation	正调控木质素合成和气孔关闭 Regulate lignin synthesis and stomatal closure	[129]
OsWRKY11		—	WRKY转录因子 WRKY transcription factor	正向调控 Positive regulation	提高了防御相关基因和抗旱基因的表达 Improve expression of defense related and drought resistance genes	[130]
OsSPL3		根、茎 Root, stem	SPL转录因子 SPL transcription factor	正向调控 Positive regulation	受干旱胁迫诱导 Induced by drought stress	[131]
OsDUF6		叶 Leaves	细胞壁相关蛋白 Cell wall proteins	正向调控 Positive regulation	可能通过减少根曲率角，提高深根比 Perhaps by reducing the root curvature angle and increasing the deep root ratio	[132]
BCAT4		—	支链氨基酸转氨酶 Branched-chain amino acid transaminase	负向调控 Negative regulation	抑制地上部渗透调节剂和抗氧化剂的积累 Inhibit the accumulation of aboveground osmotic regulators and antioxidants	[133]
OsRK2		—	类受体蛋白激酶 Receptor-like protein kinase	正向调控 Positive regulation	被干旱胁迫显著诱导，提高ABA水平 Significantly induced by drought stress, improve ABA level	[134]
OsMFT1		—	成花素样蛋白 Anthocyanin-like protein	正向调控 Positive regulation	OsMFT1与干旱相关转录因子互作 OsMFT1 interacts with drought related transcription factors	[135]
OsRab7		—	小分子GTP结合蛋白 Small GTP binding protein	正向调控 Positive regulation	调节渗透压物质、抗氧化剂和干旱响应基因的表达Regulate drought stress-responsive genes expression, osmolytes and antioxidants	[136]
OsNAR2.1	根Root		硝酸盐转运蛋白伴侣 Partner protein for high-affinity nitrate transport	负向调控 Negative regulation	被干旱胁迫显著诱导 Significantly induced by drought stress	[137]
OsDIS1	—		SINA型E3泛素连接酶 SINA E3 ubiquitin ligase	负向调控 Negative regulation	降低抗氧化系统活性 Reduce antioxidant system activity	[138]
OsPYL6	生殖期的根与剑叶 Root and flag leaf at reproductive stage		ABA受体蛋白 ABA receptor protein	正向调控 Positive regulation	提高ABA含量 Increase ABA content	[139]
OsFTL4	节、叶鞘 Node, sheath		磷脂酰乙醇胺结合蛋白 Phosphatidylethanolamine- binding protein	负向调控 Negative regulation	调节气孔导度 Adjust stomatal conductance	[140]
DWA1	微管组织与表皮层 Vascular tissues and epidermal layers		角质层蜡质累积蛋白 Wax accumulation protein	正向调控 Positive regulation	被干旱胁迫显著诱导 Significantly induced by drought stress	[141]

基因 Gene		组织特异性表达 Tissue-specific expression	编码蛋白 Coding protein	调控影响 Effect	作用方式 Function	文献 Ref.
OsbZIP42		小穗 Spikelet	bZIP转录因子 bZIP transcription factor	正向调控 Positive regulation	正调控ABA信号传导 Regulate ABA signaling positively	[122]
OsbZIP62		根 Root	bZIP转录因子 bZIP transcription factor	正向调控 Positive regulation	正调控ABA信号传导和氧化应激反应 Regulate ABA signaling and oxidative stress responses positively	[123]
OsNAC2d		成熟籽粒、叶片、花药 Grain, leaf and anther	NAC转录因子 NAC transcription factor	正向调控 Positive regulation	受干旱胁迫诱导 Induced by drought stress	[124]
OsNAC006		叶、茎、叶鞘 Leaves, stem and sheath	NAC转录因子 NAC transcription factor	正向调控 Positive regulation	抗旱性增强 Enhance drought resistance	[125]
OsMYBR57		—	MYB转录因子 MYB transcription factor	正向调控 Positive regulation	调控干旱相关bZIP家族基因表达 Regulate drought related bZIP family genes	[126]
OsS1Fa1		叶、茎和根 Leaves, stem, root	S1Fa转录因子 S1Fa transcription factor	正向调控 Positive regulation	受干旱胁迫显著诱导 Significantly induced by drought stress	[127]
OsDi19		—	锌指转录因子 Zinc finger transcription factor	正向调控 Positive regulation	调控气孔关闭 Regulate stomatal closure	[128]
OsTF1L		芽的外表皮细胞和维管系统Epidermal cell layer and vascular of buds	HD-Zip转录因子 HD-Zip transcription factor	正向调控 Positive regulation	正调控木质素合成和气孔关闭 Regulate lignin synthesis and stomatal closure	[129]
OsWRKY11		—	WRKY转录因子 WRKY transcription factor	正向调控 Positive regulation	提高了防御相关基因和抗旱基因的表达 Improve expression of defense related and drought resistance genes	[130]
OsSPL3		根、茎 Root, stem	SPL转录因子 SPL transcription factor	正向调控 Positive regulation	受干旱胁迫诱导 Induced by drought stress	[131]
OsDUF6		叶 Leaves	细胞壁相关蛋白 Cell wall proteins	正向调控 Positive regulation	可能通过减少根曲率角，提高深根比 Perhaps by reducing the root curvature angle and increasing the deep root ratio	[132]
BCAT4		—	支链氨基酸转氨酶 Branched-chain amino acid transaminase	负向调控 Negative regulation	抑制地上部渗透调节剂和抗氧化剂的积累 Inhibit the accumulation of aboveground osmotic regulators and antioxidants	[133]
OsRK2		—	类受体蛋白激酶 Receptor-like protein kinase	正向调控 Positive regulation	被干旱胁迫显著诱导，提高ABA水平 Significantly induced by drought stress, improve ABA level	[134]
OsMFT1		—	成花素样蛋白 Anthocyanin-like protein	正向调控 Positive regulation	OsMFT1与干旱相关转录因子互作 OsMFT1 interacts with drought related transcription factors	[135]
OsRab7		—	小分子GTP结合蛋白 Small GTP binding protein	正向调控 Positive regulation	调节渗透压物质、抗氧化剂和干旱响应基因的表达Regulate drought stress-responsive genes expression, osmolytes and antioxidants	[136]
OsNAR2.1	根Root		硝酸盐转运蛋白伴侣 Partner protein for high-affinity nitrate transport	负向调控 Negative regulation	被干旱胁迫显著诱导 Significantly induced by drought stress	[137]
OsDIS1	—		SINA型E3泛素连接酶 SINA E3 ubiquitin ligase	负向调控 Negative regulation	降低抗氧化系统活性 Reduce antioxidant system activity	[138]
OsPYL6	生殖期的根与剑叶 Root and flag leaf at reproductive stage		ABA受体蛋白 ABA receptor protein	正向调控 Positive regulation	提高ABA含量 Increase ABA content	[139]
OsFTL4	节、叶鞘 Node, sheath		磷脂酰乙醇胺结合蛋白 Phosphatidylethanolamine- binding protein	负向调控 Negative regulation	调节气孔导度 Adjust stomatal conductance	[140]
DWA1	微管组织与表皮层 Vascular tissues and epidermal layers		角质层蜡质累积蛋白 Wax accumulation protein	正向调控 Positive regulation	被干旱胁迫显著诱导 Significantly induced by drought stress	[141]