Salicylic Acid Alleviates Low Phosphorus Stress in Rice via a Nitric Oxide-dependent Manner

doi:10.16819/j.1001-7216.2022.210813

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】It is of great importance to analyze the physiological and molecular mechanisms of salicylic acid(SA) regulating the response of rice to phosphorus(P) stress. 【Method】The conventional rice cultivar Nipponbare was used in our experiment, and the total P content, acid phosphatase activity, xylem P concentration, root parameters, expression levels of P transporter genes and nitric oxide (NO) content in rice were measured after exogenous SA application to explore the physiological and molecular mechanism that SA alleviates P deficiency stress in rice. 【Result】 1) Application of 1 μmol/L SA significantly increased the total P content in rice under low P conditions. However, 5 μmol/L SA decreased the total P content in rice, indicating SA had a dose effect on the regulation of P absorption in rice. 2) Application of 1 μmol/L SA significantly increased the activity of acid phosphatase by 11.35%, total root length by 20.90%, surface area by 11.86%, root volume by 15.38%, total root number by 23.55%, xylem P concentration by 22.6%. In addition, the application of 1μmol/L SA significantly increased the expression levels of P transporter genes, thereby increased the absorption of exogenous P and the transportation of internal P in rice under low P conditions. 3) SA increased the content of NO in rice roots by increasing the activity of nitrate reductase, so as to improve the absorption of P in rice under low phosphorus conditions via regulating the expression of P transporter genes. 【Conclusion】SA alleviates low phosphorus stress in rice by its interacting with the signal molecule of NO.

Key words: rice, phosphorus, salicylic acid, absorption and transport, gene, nitric oxide

摘要：

【目的】深入剖析水杨酸调控水稻低磷胁迫响应的生理与分子机制具有重要意义。【方法】选取常规水稻品种日本晴，外源添加水杨酸后测定水稻体内总磷含量、酸性磷酸酶活性、木质部汁液磷含量、水稻根系特征参数、磷转运子基因表达水平和一氧化氮含量等指标解析水杨酸缓解水稻缺磷胁迫的生理和分子机制。【结果】1）水杨酸对水稻磷吸收的调控存在剂量效应，1 μmol/L水杨酸显著提高低磷条件下水稻体内总磷含量，5 μmol/L水杨酸则降低水稻体内总磷含量。2）低磷条件下，1 μmol/L水杨酸使酸性磷酸酶活性提高了11.35%，根系总长增加了20.90%，根系表面积增加11.86%，根系体积增加了15.38%，总根数增加了23.55%，木质部汁液中的磷含量提高了22.67%。同时，1 μmol/L水杨酸提高了水稻根系磷转运子基因的表达，从而提高水稻对外界磷的吸收和体内磷的转运。3）水杨酸通过提高硝酸还原酶的活性增加水稻根系的一氧化氮含量，从而通过调控磷转运子基因的表达提高低磷条件下水稻对外界磷的吸收。【结论】水杨酸与信号分子一氧化氮互作缓解低磷胁迫。

关键词: 水稻, 磷, 水杨酸, 吸收和转运, 基因, 一氧化氮

ZHU Chunquan, WEI Qianqian, DANG Caixia, HUANG Jing, XU Qingshan, PAN Lin, ZHU Lianfeng, CAO Xiaochuang, KONG Yali, XIANG Xingjia, LIU Jia, JIN Qianyu, ZHANG Junhua. Salicylic Acid Alleviates Low Phosphorus Stress in Rice via a Nitric Oxide-dependent Manner[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2022, 36(5): 476-486.

朱春权, 魏倩倩, 党彩霞, 黄晶, 徐青山, 潘林, 朱练峰, 曹小闯, 孔亚丽, 项兴佳, 刘佳, 金千瑜, 张均华. 水杨酸通过一氧化氮途径调控水稻缓解低磷胁迫[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2022, 36(5): 476-486.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig. 1. P contents in roots(A) and shoots (B) under low and normal P levels. Different letters above the bars mean significant difference at P < 0.05. P, 180 mmol/L; LP, 18 mmol/L.

Fig. 2. Salicylic acid content and phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity under different exogenous salicylic acid levels. Different letters above the bars mean significant difference at P < 0.05. P, 180 mmol/L; LP, 18 mmol/L.

Table 1. Indicators associated with rice root development.

处理 Treatment	总根长 Total length/cm	表面积 Surface area/cm²	平均直径 Average diameter/mm	根系总体积 Root volume/cm³	总根尖数 Number of root tips
P	155.99±13.28 c	14.45±0.97 c	0.30±0.01 a	0.11±0.01 c	745.8±60.3 c
P+SA	228.63±18.25 b	21.00±1.00 ab	0.28±0.02 a	0.15±0.01 a	1034.0±87.6 ab
LP	208.66±17.94 b	20.06±0.84 b	0.30±0.03 a	0.13±0.03 b	1183.8±181.2 b
LP+SA	252.27±15.07 a	22.44±0.54 a	0.29±0.01 a	0.15±0.01 a	1462.5±126.5 a

Fig. 3. Phenotype of rice, acid phosphatase activity in rice roots and xylem P concentration. Different letters above the bars mean significant difference at P < 0.05. P, 180 mmol/L; LP, 18 mmol/L; SA,1 μmol/L salicylic acid.

Fig. 4. Relative expression levels of P transporter genes. Different letters above the bars mean significant difference at P < 0.05. P, 180 mmol/L; LP, 18 mmol/L.

Fig. 5. Nitric oxide fluorescence (A), fluorescence intensity (B), NR activity (C), and relative NOS activity (D). Mean±SD(n=4). Different letters above the bars mean significant difference at P < 0.05. P, 180 mmol/L; LP, 18 mmol/L; SA, 1 μmol/L salicylic acid.

Fig. 6. Total P content of rice roots (A) and shoots (B) after c-PTIO application. Mean±SD(n=4). Different letters above the bars mean significant difference at P < 0.05. P, 180 mmol/L; LP, 18 mmol/L; SA, 1 μmol/L; cPTIO, 1 μmol/L.

Fig. 7. Salicylic acid content of rice roots after 1 μmol/L c-PTIO application. Mean±SD(n=4). Different letters above the bars mean significant difference at P < 0.05. P, 180 mmol/L; LP, 18 mmol/L; SA, 1 μmol/L salicylic acid; CP, 1 μmol/L cPTIO.

Fig. 8. NR activity of rice roots after 1 μmol/L c-PTIO application. Mean±SD(n=4). Different letters above the bars mean significant difference at P < 0.05. P, 180 mmol/L, LP, 18 mmol/L; SA, 1 μmol/L salicylic acid; CP, 1 μmol/L cPTIO.

Fig. 9. Relative expression levels of P transporter genes. Different letters above the bars mean significant difference at P < 0.05. P, 180 mmol/L; LP, 18 mmol/L; SA, 1 μmol/L salicylic acid; CP, 1 μmol/L cPTIO.

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