Rice Response to Salt Stress and Research Progress in Salt Tolerance Mechanism

doi:10.16819/j.1001-7216.2022.210609

Abstract

Abstract:

The problem of soil salinization is becoming more and more serious in China. The saline-alkali land within the red line of cultivated land is about 9.3×10⁶ hm². Salt stress is one of the main abiotic stresses that restrict grain production. Rice is a pioneer crop in saline-alkali land improvement. It is of great significance to understand the response of rice to salt stress comprehensively. The effects of salt stress on growth, yield and quality of rice were reviewed. The physiological mechanism of salt stress affecting the growth and development of rice was discussed at the physiological level such as osmotic regulation, ion balance and gene fronts. The regulation measures to reduce salt stress in rice were put forward, as well as the prospects and suggestions for further research on salt stress in rice.

Key words: rice, salt stress, growth and development, physiology and biochemistry, molecular mechanism

摘要：

我国土壤盐渍化问题日趋严重,在耕地红线内的盐碱地约有9.3×10⁶hm²,盐胁迫是制约粮食生产的主要非生物胁迫因子之一。水稻是盐碱地改良的先锋作物,全面深入了解水稻对盐胁迫的响应,对盐碱地水稻生产具有重要意义。本文概述了盐胁迫对水稻生长发育、产量和品质形成的影响;从渗透调节、离子平衡等生理层面以及基因层面阐述盐胁迫影响水稻生长发育的生理机制;总结了减轻水稻盐胁迫的调控措施;对今后深入开展水稻盐逆境的研究进行展望并提出建议。

关键词: 水稻, 盐胁迫, 生长发育, 生理生化, 分子机理

WANG Yang, ZHANG Rui, LIU Yonghao, LI Rongkai, GE Jianfei, DENG Shiwen, ZHANG Xubin, CHEN Yinglong, WEI Huanhe, DAI Qigen. Rice Response to Salt Stress and Research Progress in Salt Tolerance Mechanism[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2022, 36(2): 105-117.

王洋, 张瑞, 刘永昊, 李荣凯, 葛建飞, 邓仕文, 张徐彬, 陈英龙, 韦还和, 戴其根. 水稻对盐胁迫的响应及耐盐机理研究进展[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2022, 36(2): 105-117.

Figures/Tables 3

References 105

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激素类型 Hormone type	主要生理效应 Main physiological effect	参考文献 Reference
脱落酸 Abscisic acid	气孔关闭、离子平衡、诱导盐胁迫基因表达 Stomatal closure, ion balance, induction of salt stress gene expression	[61-62]
赤霉素 Gibberellin	提高发芽率、缓解花期延迟 Improve germination rate, alleviate flowering delay	[63-64]
水杨酸 Salicylic acid	渗透调节剂、维持离子稳态、去除活性氧 Osmotic regulator, maintain ion homeostasis, remove reactive oxygen species	[65-67]
茉莉酸 Jasmonic acid	缓解叶片衰老、根系伸长、去除活性氧 Alleviate leaf senescence, root elongation, remove reactive oxygen species	[68-69]
乙烯 Ethylene	改善光合作用、维持离子稳态、介导应激信号 Improve photosynthesis, maintain ion homeostasis, mediate stress signaling	[70-72]

激素类型 Hormone type	主要生理效应 Main physiological effect	参考文献 Reference
脱落酸 Abscisic acid	气孔关闭、离子平衡、诱导盐胁迫基因表达 Stomatal closure, ion balance, induction of salt stress gene expression	[61-62]
赤霉素 Gibberellin	提高发芽率、缓解花期延迟 Improve germination rate, alleviate flowering delay	[63-64]
水杨酸 Salicylic acid	渗透调节剂、维持离子稳态、去除活性氧 Osmotic regulator, maintain ion homeostasis, remove reactive oxygen species	[65-67]
茉莉酸 Jasmonic acid	缓解叶片衰老、根系伸长、去除活性氧 Alleviate leaf senescence, root elongation, remove reactive oxygen species	[68-69]
乙烯 Ethylene	改善光合作用、维持离子稳态、介导应激信号 Improve photosynthesis, maintain ion homeostasis, mediate stress signaling	[70-72]