Difference in Cd Accumulation and Distribution Between Main and Ratooning Crops of Hybrid Rice

doi:10.16819/j.1001-7216.2022.201108

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】It is important to explore the difference of Cd accumulation and distribution between the main crop and the ratooning crop of hybrid rice to lay a scientific basis for safe production of ratooning rice. 【Method】Field experiments with random block design were conducted with Y Liangyou 9918 and Yongyou 4149 as materials to comparatively study the yield and Cd accumulation and distribution between main crop and ratooning crop. 【Result】1) The yield from ratooning rice of Yongyou 4149 was significantly lower than that from the main crop, while yield of Y Liangyou 9918 followed an opposite trend. The effective panicle number and seed setting rate from the two varieties in ratooning season were significantly higher than those of main crop, while the 1000-grain weight was significantly lower than that of main crop. 2) The Cd content in roots, stems, leaves and panicles of the two varieties in main season was significantly lower than that in the ratooning season, and Cd content of brown rice in ratooning crop ranged from 0.13 mg/kg to 0.17 mg/kg, significantly higher than that in main crop. 3) The Cd content, Cd accumulation, daily average Cd accumulation rate, Cd transfer coefficient and accumulation coefficient in all organs in ratooning crop were higher than those in main crop. The total Cd accumulation of Y Liangyou 9918 and Yongyou 4149 in ratooning crop was 4.28 and 2.67 times as much as that in main crop, and the Cd content in brown rice in the ratooning crop was 1.63 and 1.42 times as much as that in main crop, respectively. 4) In main crop, Cd was mainly accumulated during mid-filling stage to maturity stage, while it mainly accumulated before heading stage in ratooning crop. 5) Cd accumulation of rice stubble of the two varieties showed accumulative trend in whole growth duration of ratooning crop, but varied with variety. 6) Under the conditions of this experiment, yield of Y Liangyou 9918 in main crop was lower than that of Yongyou 4149, but it was opposite in ratooning crop, and the annual yield difference between the two varieties was not significant. Cd content, accumulation amount, daily average accumulation rate and enrichment coefficient of Yongyou 4149 were generally higher than those of Y Liangyou 9918. 【Conclusion】It was concluded that the risk of Cd contamination in ratooning crop was higher than that in main crop. It was suggested that ratooning crop should be developed carefully in the Cd contaminated rice growing areas, and Cd reduction measures in ratoon season should be taken before full heading.

Key words: ratooning crop, main crop, ratooning season, Cd accumulation and distribution

摘要：

【目的】探究杂交稻头季与再生季镉积累分配特性差异,为再生稻安全生产提供科学依据。【方法】以Y两优9918和甬优4149为材料,采用随机区组设计开展大田试验,比较头季与再生季产量与镉积累分配特性。【结果】1）甬优4149再生季产量显著低于头季,而Y两优9918表现相反;两品种再生季有效穗数、结实率显著高于头季,而千粒重显著低于头季;2）两品种头季成熟期根、茎、叶、穗镉含量均显著低于再生季,再生季糙米镉含量为0.13~0.17 mg/kg,显著高于头季;3）再生季各器官镉含量、镉积累量、日均镉积累速率、镉转移系数与富集系数均大于头季,Y两优9918与甬优4149再生季镉总积累量分别是头季的4.28和2.67倍,再生季糙米镉含量分别是头季的1.63和1.42倍;4）头季穗部镉主要来自灌浆中期-成熟期,而再生季主要来自齐穗前,镉积累最快阶段存在品种间差异;5）两品种稻桩镉积累量在再生季全生育期内表现累积趋势,但各生育阶段的表现存在品种间差异,Y两优9918以灌浆中期为界先降后升,甬优4149表现先降后升再降趋势。6）本研究条件下,Y两优9918头季产量低于甬优4149,但再生季产量表现相反,两品种全年产量差异不大;甬优4149器官镉含量、积累量、日均积累速率及富集系数一般高于Y两优9918。【结论】再生季镉超标风险大于头季,在镉污染稻作区应慎重发展再生稻,同时再生季降镉措施的应用应以齐穗前为重点。

关键词: 再生稻, 头季, 再生季, 镉积累分配

JIANG Yanfang, CHEN Jiwang, CUI Can, WANG Xiaoyu, CHEN Pingping, ZHOU Wenxin, YI Zhenxie. Difference in Cd Accumulation and Distribution Between Main and Ratooning Crops of Hybrid Rice[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2022, 36(1): 55-64.

蒋艳方, 陈基旺, 崔璨, 王晓玉, 陈平平, 周文新, 易镇邪. 杂交稻头季与再生季镉积累分配特性差异研究[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2022, 36(1): 55-64.

Figures/Tables 10

References 36

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器官 Organ	季别 Season	Y两优9918 Y Liangyou 9918			甬优4149 Yongyou 4149
器官 Organ	季别 Season	齐穗期 Full heading	灌浆中期 Mid-filling	成熟期 Maturity	齐穗期 Full heading	灌浆中期 Mid-filling	成熟期 Maturity
茎Stem	头季 MC	5.71 a	6.31 a	4.74 b	4.14 a	4.05 b	5.03 a
	再生季RC	5.69 a	4.50 b	5.31 a	4.16 a	4.79 a	3.71 b
叶Leaf	头季 MC	3.31 a	3.66 a	2.50 a	2.60 a	2.54 a	2.85 a
	再生季RC	2.21 b	2.50 b	1.70 b	2.16 b	1.99 b	1.64 b
穗Panicle	头季 MC	1.51 b	5.89 b	8.50 b	1.55 b	5.03 b	7.71 a
	再生季RC	3.80 a	7.22 a	9.05 a	2.02 a	6.05 a	7.00 b
稻桩Stubble	再生季RR	2.02	1.94	1.64	3.04	2.12	2.16

器官 Organ	季别 Season	Y两优9918 Y Liangyou 9918			甬优4149 Yongyou 4149
器官 Organ	季别 Season	齐穗期 Full heading	灌浆中期 Mid-filling	成熟期 Maturity	齐穗期 Full heading	灌浆中期 Mid-filling	成熟期 Maturity
茎Stem	头季 MC	5.71 a	6.31 a	4.74 b	4.14 a	4.05 b	5.03 a
	再生季RC	5.69 a	4.50 b	5.31 a	4.16 a	4.79 a	3.71 b
叶Leaf	头季 MC	3.31 a	3.66 a	2.50 a	2.60 a	2.54 a	2.85 a
	再生季RC	2.21 b	2.50 b	1.70 b	2.16 b	1.99 b	1.64 b
穗Panicle	头季 MC	1.51 b	5.89 b	8.50 b	1.55 b	5.03 b	7.71 a
	再生季RC	3.80 a	7.22 a	9.05 a	2.02 a	6.05 a	7.00 b
稻桩Stubble	再生季RR	2.02	1.94	1.64	3.04	2.12	2.16

品种 Variety	季别 Season	有效穗数 Effective panicle number/(×10⁶·hm^-2)	每穗实粒数 Filled grain number per panicle	结实率 Seed setting rate/%	千粒重 1000-grain weigt/g	理论产量Theoretical yield /(t·hm^-2)	实际产量 Actual yield /(t·hm^-2)
Y两优9918 Y Liangyou 9918	头季 MC	2.69±0.27 b	78.73±3.01 b	62.07±3.90 b	27.97±0.35 a	5.94±0.08 b	5.80±0.17 b
Y两优9918 Y Liangyou 9918	再生季RC	3.74±0.37 a	82.75±4.93 a	74.73±5.27 a	24.51±0.12 b	7.58±0.43 a	7.30±0.22 a
甬优4149 Yongyou 4149	头季 MC	2.55±0.26 b	130.23±3.49 a	62.64±8.56 b	24.53±0.06 a	8.13±0.22 a	8.05±0.24 a
甬优4149 Yongyou 4149	再生季RC	2.87±0.29 a	83.41±4.52 b	68.97±4.38 a	23.23±1.22 b	5.56±0.24 b	5.24±0.16 b

品种 Variety	季别 Season	有效穗数 Effective panicle number/(×10⁶·hm^-2)	每穗实粒数 Filled grain number per panicle	结实率 Seed setting rate/%	千粒重 1000-grain weigt/g	理论产量Theoretical yield /(t·hm^-2)	实际产量 Actual yield /(t·hm^-2)
Y两优9918 Y Liangyou 9918	头季 MC	2.69±0.27 b	78.73±3.01 b	62.07±3.90 b	27.97±0.35 a	5.94±0.08 b	5.80±0.17 b
Y两优9918 Y Liangyou 9918	再生季RC	3.74±0.37 a	82.75±4.93 a	74.73±5.27 a	24.51±0.12 b	7.58±0.43 a	7.30±0.22 a
甬优4149 Yongyou 4149	头季 MC	2.55±0.26 b	130.23±3.49 a	62.64±8.56 b	24.53±0.06 a	8.13±0.22 a	8.05±0.24 a
甬优4149 Yongyou 4149	再生季RC	2.87±0.29 a	83.41±4.52 b	68.97±4.38 a	23.23±1.22 b	5.56±0.24 b	5.24±0.16 b

器官 Organ	季别 Season	Y两优9918 Y Liangyou 9918			甬优4149 Yongyou 4149
器官 Organ	季别 Season	齐穗期 Full heading	灌浆中期 Mid-filling	成熟期 Maturity	齐穗期 Full heading	灌浆中期 Mid-filling	成熟期 Maturity
根Root	头季 MC	1.10±0.04 b	1.34±0.00 b	1.18±0.04 b	2.74±0.41 b	1.93±0.05 b	2.08±0.25 b
	再生季RC	5.54±0.11 a	3.32±0.10 a	2.49±0.05 a	3.64±0.21 a	4.42±0.02 a	2.75±0.27 a
茎Stem	头季 MC	0.12±0.00 b	0.17±0.00 b	0.22±0.00 b	0.32±0.01 b	0.31±0.00 b	0.37±0.00 b
	再生季RC	0.93±0.01 a	0.91±0.02 a	1.37±0.03 a	1.20±0.01 a	1.30±0.01 a	1.50±0.01 a
叶Leaf	头季 MC	0.07±0.00 a	0.08±0.01 b	0.09±0.01 b	0.12±0.01 a	0.15±0.01 a	0.16±0.00 b
	再生季RC	0.07±0.01 a	0.12±0.00 a	0.31±0.01 a	0.10±0.01 b	0.13±0.01 b	0.28±0.01 a
穗Panicle	头季 MC	0.06±0.00 b	0.06±0.00 b	0.12±0.01 b	0.11±0.01 b	0.10±0.01 b	0.14±0.01 b
	再生季RC	0.30±0.00 a	0.22±0.01 a	0.19±0.00 a	0.53±0.01 a	0.25±0.01 a	0.23±0.01 a