Abstract: The key factor to speeding up hybrid development is to enhance competitive heterosis in japonica rice,which depends on improving the combining ability for yield traits of the restorers. In order to improve combining ability of restorer lines more efficiently, SSR marker genotypes with elite combining ability for 12 traits were detected. The combining ability was analyzed and SSR markers were genotyped in 11 MS lines and 9 restorer lines using 152 pairs of SSR primers. Combining ability of the 20 parental lines was analyzed for heading date, plant height, panicle number per plant, panicle length, number of spikelets per panicle, number of filled grains per panicle, seed setting rate, grain length, grain width, grain thickness, 1000grain weight and daily yield per unit area using the data of 99 F1s made with NCII genetic design. Results showed that 1004S was the best MS line, and LR5, Yanhui R50, LC64 were superior restorer lines comprehensively. A total of 112 SSR marker genotypes were significantly associated with combining ability of the 12 traits. Among them, 30 were for one trait, 14 were for two traits, 6 were for three traits, 3 were for four traits and 3 were for five traits. RM215170/180 was associated with seven traits. Marker genotype, RM2439150/170, was associated with combining ability of daily yield per unit area, which increased 32.6% of F1 grain yield.

Key words: japonica rice, yield, combining ability, SSR marker, marker genotype

摘要： 加快杂交粳稻发展的关键在于提高杂交粳稻组合的竞争优势，而竞争优势的提高取决于恢复系产量性状配合力的改良。选用152个SSR引物扩增11个粳稻雄性不育系和9个恢复系的标记基因型,并按NCⅡ遗传设计配制99个F1组合,分析20个亲本的抽穗期、株高、单株有效穗数、穗长、单穗总粒数、单穗实粒数、结实率、粒长、粒宽、粒厚、千粒重和单位面积日产量等12个性状的配合力, 结合亲本SSR分子标记数据和性状配合力数据检测12个性状优异配合力的标记基因型。结果表明，1004S是综合评价最优的不育系；LR5、盐恢R50、LC64是较优恢复系。筛选到112个SSR标记基因型与亲本产量及其构成性状配合力显著相关，其中30个与亲本单个性状配合力相关；与亲本 2个性状、3个性状、4个性状和5个性状配合力相关的标记基因型个数分别为14、6、3和3；标记基因型RM215170/180与亲本7个性状的配合力相关。RM2439150/170为单位面积日产量优异配合力效应最大的标记基因型，能使F1增产32.6%。

关键词: 粳稻, 产量, 配合力, SSR标记, 标记基因型