Abstract: The development of starch granule, degradation of amyloplast envelope and morphology of compound starch granule were observed with the transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Many starch granules formed and developed in one amyloplast. The morphology of starch granules changed from spheroid to ellipsoid with development. Starch granules became polyhedral when they contacted to each other in amyloplast. The amyloplast envelope began to degrade after amyloplast was full of starch granules. Degraded membrane fragments surrounded cytoplasmic matrix to form ring membrane structure. Well developed starch granules were polyhedral with compact arrangement in amyloplast, and these starch granules kept the outline of amyloplast after amyloplast envelope degraded. Mature grain with well developed starch granules showed transparence where the fracture surface was suggested to he between endospcrm cells. Poorly developed starch granules were round or elliptic with loose arrangement in amyloplast, and these starch granules did not keep the outline of amyloplast after amyloplast envelope degraded. Mature grain with poorly developed starch granules showed chalkiness where thefracture surface was suggested to be through endosperm cells. In addition, the concept of compound starch granules was discussed.

Key words: rice, amyloplast envelope, compound starch granule, chalkiness

摘要： 运用电子显微镜技术，系统观察了水稻胚乳发育过程中淀粉粒的发育、淀粉体被膜的降解和复粒淀粉粒的形态。多个淀粉粒可以同时在1个淀粉体内发生与发育，淀粉粒形态从近球形到椭球形，最后彼此接触，接触面呈多角形。淀粉体被淀粉粒充实后，淀粉体被膜开始降解，降解的被膜片段发生卷曲包裹细胞质基质形成环形被膜结构。发育良好的呈多角形的淀粉粒在淀粉体内排列紧密，淀粉体被膜降解后，这些淀粉粒仍聚集在一起维持淀粉体的轮廓，胚乳细胞不易被断开，成熟籽粒表现为透明性状。发育不良的呈球形或椭球形的淀粉粒在淀粉体内排列疏松，淀粉体被膜降解消失后，这些淀粉粒不能维持淀粉体的轮廓，胚乳细胞易被断开，成熟籽粒表现为垩白性状。还对复粒淀粉粒的概念进行了探讨。

关键词: 水稻, 淀粉体被膜, 复粒淀粉粒, 垩白