Abstract:

Differences in milling quality among the grains at different positions and different grains between the erect and curved panicle types were studied.The results showed that the rates of brown rice,milled rice and head rice and the grain weight of the curved-panicle type rice were higher than those of erect-panicle type rice,of which the difference in head rice rate reached significant level.Generally,at the same positions of a panicle,the brown rice rate,milled rice rate,head rice rate and the weight of the grains on the primary branches were greater than those on the secondary branches in both of the two types.On the primary branch,the rates of brown rice,milled rice and head rice of the first grain were the least and those of the second or the third grain was the greatest.The difference in the milling quality of the grains on the secondary branches at the same parts between the two panicle types was greater than that on the primary branches regardless of panicle type.The distribution of grain weight on the panicles was consistent in the two panicle types.Therefore,the milling quality of erect-panicle rice could be improved through selection in rice breeding.

Key words: rice, grain position, panicle type, milling quality, grain weight

摘要： 以直立穗型和弯曲穗型水稻材料为对象，研究了穗上不同部位和不同粒位籽粒在碾米品质上的差异。弯曲穗型材料整穗籽粒的糙米率、精米率及整精米率以及粒重均高于直立穗型材料，其中整精米率差异达到显著水平。总体而言，在稻穗的同一部位，两穗型材料一次枝梗籽粒的糙米率、精米率、整精米率和粒重均高于二次枝梗的籽粒；一次枝梗上以第2 或第3粒位籽粒的糙米率、精米率和整精米率较高，第1 粒位籽粒的较低；穗上同一部位二次枝梗籽粒的碾米品质在两穗型材料间的差异大于一次枝梗，而穗型与其排序并无直接关系；两穗型材料籽粒粒重在穗上的分布与排序基本一致。因此，可以通过育种选择来改良直立穗型材料的碾磨品质。

关键词: 水稻, 粒位, 穗型, 碾磨品质, 粒重