Abstract: Eightyeight and one hundred and twentytwo conventional indica rice cultivars were solutioncultured in 2001 and 2002, respectively. Dry matter weight (including root system, culm and sheath, leaves and panicle), nitrogen content of different organs, yield and its components, growth duration, plant height, percentage of productive tillers and spikelet traits were investigated. The tested rice cultivars were classified into six types based on their levels of nitrogen use efficiency for grain output (NUEg) by the MinSSw method, to study their difference in growth duration, plant height, percentage of productive tillers and panicle traits. Cultivars with higher NUEg showed shorter growth duration especially days from sowing to heading, and NUEg was negatively correlated with days from sowing to heading. No significant relation between NUEg and plant height was found. The cultivars with higher NUEg had higher percentage of productive tillers which was closely correlated with translocation of dry matter and nitrogen. The spikelet density was higher while panicle length was shorter in cultivars with higher NUEg.

Key words: indica rice, nitrogen use efficiency, growth duration, percentage of productive tillers, panicle traits

摘要： 在群体水培条件下，以国内外不同年代育成的常规籼稻代表品种（2001年为88个、2002年为122个）为材料，对植株的干物质量、氮素含量、产量及其构成因素、生育期、株高、成穗率、穗部性状等进行了测定。采用组内最小平方和的动态聚类方法将供试品种的氮素籽粒生产效率（NUEg）分为 6种类型，研究不同NUEg类型品种生育期、株高、成穗率、穗部性状的基本特点。结果表明：1）高NUEg品种生育期（特别是播种至抽穗）较短，NUEg与全生育期、播种至抽穗天数呈显著负相关； 2)不同NUEg类型品种间株高无显著差异，株高与NUEg无密切关系；3）高NUEg类型品种分蘖成穗率高，分蘖成穗率与干物质运转及氮素运转关系密切；4）高NUEg类型品种穗长较短，着粒密度较大。

关键词: 籼稻, 氮素生产效率, 生育期, 成穗率, 穗部性状