Abstract: The high-density markers are necessary for map-based cloning of rice genes,but the available marker could not reach the satisfying level.InDel(insertion-deletion length polymorphism) and SNP(single nucleotide polymorphism) are new molecular markers,which could basically meet the need of the fine mapping.InDel and SNP markers could be developed through bioinformatics approaches.InDel and SNP markers are valuable markers with the characteristics of low cost,high specificity and stability.The methods for designing InDel and SNP markers were introduced and the example of mapping of the rice rolled leaf gene was used to describe the design procedures in practice.In addition,some key factors for improving the design efficiency were discussed.

Key words: insertion deletion length polymorphism, single nucleotide polymorphism, molecular marker, bioinformatics, mapbased cloning, rice, rolled leaf gene

摘要： 在水稻功能基因的图位克隆中，常需要高密度的分子标记，而目前公布的各种标记的密度还远未达到令人满意的程度。InDel和SNP标记是新型的分子标记类型，基本可以满足精细定位目的基因的需要。InDel和SNP标记可以较容易地通过生物信息学的方法获得，而且经济实用、特异性高、稳定性好。介绍了设计InDel和SNP标记的方法，并以一个水稻卷叶基因的研究为实例，介绍了在基因精细定位研究中利用这两种标记的方法和提高标记设计成功率的注意点。

关键词: 插入缺失长度多态性, 单核苷酸多态性, 分子标记, 生物信息学, 图位克隆, 水稻, 卷叶基因