Abstract: To have a better assessment of the within-variation variation of the major rice varieties in China,41 varieties from two to seven sources were assayed with a set of five well-chosen microsatellite markers,18 varieties(43.90%) of which showed heterogeneity among the different sources with the same name at 1 to 4 loci.Eleven varieties were further selected and analyzed with larger samples containing 50 individuals per variety.Non-uniformity of the varieties varies from 0.0-10.0% with an overall average of 1.67% on average five SSR loci,and the heterogeneity of the markers ranges from 0.36% to 5.45%.It also showed that 6 of the 11 typical rice varieties were completely uniform,and the non-uniformities within varieties across all loci were lower than 5%.Therefore,it is advisable that the sources of the materials should be selected carefully in constructing a microsatellite database,and that the number of markers should be correspondingly increased when identifying some specific materials.

Key words: rice, simple sequence repeat, uniformity, variety protection, variety identification

摘要： 为较准确地评估我国水稻主栽品种的一致性，挑选５个微卫星标记，对４１个有2~7个来源的水稻品种进行了微卫星标记检测。结果表明，１８个（４３．９０％）品种存在同一品种名称不同来源间的差异。进一步选择１１个代表性水稻品种或杂交稻组合作较大样本分析（５０个单株），它们在５个微卫星标记上的不一致率为０．０％～１０．０％，平均为１．６７％，每个微卫星标记的异质率变化幅度为０．３６％～５．４５％。１１个品种中有６个（５４．５５％）在所有位点上完全一致，不一致率通常都不超过５％ 。因此，在构建水稻品种微卫星数据库时，必须慎重选择取样来源。当鉴别特定材料时，则应相应增加标记数。

关键词: 水稻, 微卫星标记, 一致性, 品种保护, 品种鉴定