Abstract: The effect of phenylacetic acid (PAA) on the culturability of rice (Oryza sativa L. ) anther was investigated in seven cultivars/hybrids with 2,4-D as control. Replacing 2,4-D with PAA in the induction medium did not influence the callus induction frequency while significantly improved the callus differentiation frequency and thus increased the plantlet regeneration frequency in all tested cultivars/hybrids (p<0. 05), particularly in indica cultivar Teqing. The improvement appeared to depend on genotype and hasal medium. PAA could greatly stimulate the shoot formation of callus directly on the induction medium. Most of these directly regenerated plantlets had their root system developed very well and therefore were readily to be transplanted to the soil. Using 10 mg/L PAA, the direct plantlet regeneration frequencies had reached 0. 56%, 1. 64% and 2. 69% in Teqing, 02428 and Yayou 2, respectively. The direct regeneration frequency could be improved by increasing the concentration of PAA. We have constructed three DH populations from indica×japonica and indica×indica hybrids (F₁) via one-step anther culture.

Key words: anther culture, callus re-differentiation frequency, one-step shoot formation, phenylacetic acid, doubled haploid population

摘要： 研究了苯乙酸（phenylacetic acid，PAA）应用于水稻花药培养的效果。以 2,4-D 为对照，发现PAA不影响愈伤组织诱导率，但显著提高了愈伤组织分化率（p<0. 05），从而显著提高了植株再生率（p<0. 05）。其促进效果与品种、培养基无机盐成分有关，对籼稻品种效果较好。PAA还能有效地促进花药愈伤组织不经转移到分化培养基上而直接在诱导培养基上分化成苗。直接再生的绿苗大多具有旺盛的不定根，可直接移栽到土壤中去。当PAA浓度为10 mg/L 时，特青、02428和亚优2号的直接植株再生率分别达0. 56%, 1. 64%和2. 69%。提高PAA浓度可进一步提高直接植株再生率。利用基于PAA的一步成苗培养法已构建成了3个水稻杂种花培后代加倍单倍体（DH）群体。

关键词: 花药培养, 苯乙酸, 一步成苗, 愈伤组织分化率, DH群体