Abstract: The phenomena, intrinsic character, and workable controlling ways as well as identification methodology of fertility stability of P(T)GMS lines have been studied by surveying and analyzing more than 90 P(T)GMS accessions under artificially controlled climatic conditions. Main results are as follows: (1) Both photoperiod and temperature are important factors conditioning fertility alteration of P(T)GMS materials, none of which is of solely photoperiod-sensitive type; (2) There are 3 different types of P(T)GMS lines with regard to their most sensitive stage to temperature for fertility alteration (MSST); (3) The key technique criterion of practical P(T)GMS lines is that the critical temperature inducing male sterility (CTIMS) must be relatively lower and the specific CTIMS should be designed based on the historical meteorological data in local areas; (4) CTIMS will inherently drift up if parent seed multiplication is normally conducted without any artificial selection. The appropriate criterion of CTIMS of practically usable P(T)GMS lines incentral China rice-growing area and the possibility of controlling drift of CTIMS are discussed. And themost effective way to control the drift of CTIMS within the permission of commercial seed production is the procedure of core seed and foundation production.

Key words: critical temperature, core seed, fertility stability, identification technique, male sterility, photothermo-sensitivity

摘要： 在人工控制气候条件下，通过对大量光温敏不育材料的试验观察，对水稻光温敏核不育系育性稳定性的现象、本质、控制途径和鉴定技术等问题开展了系列研究。结果认为：(1)就现有资源而言,温度和光照都是引起不育系育性转换的因素,不存在纯光敏类型；(2)不同光温敏不育系育性转换对温度的最敏感期有差异，存在3种不同的类型；(3)实用不育系最关键的技术指标,就是导致不育的起点温度要相对地低,具体的安全不育起点温度指标的界定应根据选育地区历年的气候资料进行分析；(4)在常规繁殖条件下，光温敏不育系不育起点温度存在难以避免的世代间漂移现象，但在已经发生漂移的后代群体中,通过增加低温选择压力,可以遴选到不育起点温度仍保持稳定的典型单株。还对华中稻区适合的不育起点温度参数以及“漂移”控制途径(核心种子技术)进行了讨论。

关键词: 光温敏感性, 雄性不育性, 育性稳定性, 临界温度, 核心种子, 鉴定技术