Abstract: Yield heterosis performance and its relationship with parental genetic diversity were investigated by using molecular marker technology and recombination inbred line (RIL) populations. The results indicated that the highest grain yield in F₁ plant can be achieved when male parent Zhong 413 crossed with the female parent consisting of about 80% theJaponica genome.

Key words: correlation analysis, genome content, heterosis, molecular marker

摘要： 用广亲和恢复系中413与“Lemont × 特青”重组自交系群体(RIL)杂交，构建中413测交F₁群体（ZTP）和分子标记连锁图谱。研究了中413基因组组成、F₁杂种产量性状优势表现以及杂种优势表现与亲本间遗传差异的关系。双亲性状优良往往能获得好的F₁代，但并非所有组合都是如此。低值亲本与中413杂交亦可产生高值后代，表现较强的杂种优势。双亲遗传差异与杂种优势表现呈正相关，当母本（RILs）的粳型成分（Lemont 基因组含量）达到80%左右时，杂种的籽粒产量最大，优势最强。杂种的生物学产量亦表现随母本的粳型成分增加而继续增加的趋势。

关键词: 杂种优势, 基因组含量, 分子标记, 相关分析