Abstract: The recent progresses and the main problems in development of breeding materials and breeding methodology of hybrid rice, and its developmental trend were reviewed. The research fields include improvement of current male sterile lines, exploitation of novel male cytoplasm, development of restorer lines with high combining ability, genetic basis of heterosis formation and approaches to breeding super high yielding of hybrids, etc. The research should be focused on application of biotechnology in development of breeding materials and breeding methodology in combination with conventional hybridization technique in the 21st century.

Key words: breeding material, breeding methodology, biotechnology, hybrid rice

摘要： 概要总结了近年来国内外在杂交水稻育种材料和方法研究方面的进展，分析了存在的主要问题和讨论了今后的发展趋势。内容包括现有不育系的改良，新不育质源的发掘，高配合力恢复系的选育和杂种优势形成机理及超高产育种探索等。指出以生物技术与常规育种技术相结合创制新的育种材料和探索新的育种方法是21世纪杂交水稻发展的方向。

关键词: 育种材料, 育种方法, 生物技术, 杂交水稻