Abstract: By using techniques of intact fresh anther observation, isolated male cell observation and semi thin section, an extensively cytological study was conducted on the pollen development of IR36, an indica cultivar. The results showed that the wholly developmental process could be tentatively divided into eight stages, i.e. microspore mother cell formation stage, microspore mother cell meiosis stage,early microspore stage, middle microspore stage, late microspore stage, early bicellular pollen stage,late bicellular pollen stage and mature pollen stage. The experiment proved that there was not contraction stage in naturally developmental process of the microspores. During the pollen developing, the tapetal cells underwent three types of morphological changes, which help to identify the stages of pollen development.

Key words: Oryza sativa, pollen, developmental stage, cytology

摘要： 以籼稻品种IR36为材料，采用塑料半薄切片技术、新鲜花药整体观察及游离的雄性细胞观察方法，对水稻花粉发育全过程及其药壁组织的情况进行了系统的研究，初步将这一过程划分为8个时期，即小孢子母细胞形成期、小孢子母细胞减数分裂期、小孢子早期、小孢子中期、小孢子晚期、二胞花粉早期、二胞花粉晚期和成熟花粉期。并证实了花粉自然发育过程中不存在收缩期。在这一发育过程中，绒毡层出现3种明显不同的发育形态，这些形态特点对于判断花粉发育阶段具有重要的参考价值及辅助作用。

关键词: 水稻, 花粉, 发育阶段