油菜素内酯浸根对水稻水卷苗机插植伤的修复效应

doi:10.16819/j.1001-7216.2020.0308

中国水稻科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (6): 539-549.DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2020.0308

油菜素内酯浸根对水稻水卷苗机插植伤的修复效应

李玉祥¹, 何知舟², 丁艳锋², 王绍华², 李刚华^2,^*()

¹ 石河子大学农学院/新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室,新疆石河子 832003
² 江苏省现代作物生产协同创新中心/南京农业大学国家信息农业工程技术中心/农业部南方作物生理生态重点开放实验室,南京 210095

收稿日期:2020-03-20 修回日期:2020-08-15 出版日期:2020-11-10 发布日期:2020-11-10
通讯作者: 李刚华
基金资助:
石河子大学高层次人才资助项目（RCSX201724）;石河子大学绿洲生态重点实验室开放基金资助项目（201702）;江苏省重点研发计划资助项目(BE2017369)

Recovery Effect of Root Soaking in Brassinosteroid (BR) on Transplanting Shock of Hydroponically GrownLong-Mat Rice Seedlings Under Mechanical Transplanting

Yuxiang LI¹, Zhizhou He², Yanfeng DING², Shaohua WANG², anghua LIG^2,^*()

¹ Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture of Xinjiang Production and Construction Group/Agricultural College of Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
²Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production/National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agricultrue/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China

Received:2020-03-20 Revised:2020-08-15 Online:2020-11-10 Published:2020-11-10
Contact: anghua LIG

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探究油菜素内酯(Brassinolide, BR)浸根对机插水卷苗栽后本田生长及产量的影响。方法以宁粳8号为试验材料,分析不同浓度BR(T1、T10、T20,分别表示水培营养液中BR浓度为1 mg/L、10 mg/L、20 mg/L)浸根对水卷苗机插本田后返青活棵及产量的影响,以正常水培营养液处理为对照(CK)。结果 BR浸根(T1、T10、T20)能够促进水稻地上部生长,栽插本田21d后株高较CK分别增加11.68%、8.12%和7.61%;BR浸根对水卷苗栽后根系的促生作用更为明显,不同浓度BR浸根对水卷苗栽后根长、根表面积、根尖数、根体积、根直径、根质量和根冠比均产生了显著影响,其中根尖数以低浓度BR处理效果更优,而其他根系指标均以高浓度BR处理效果更优。与CK相比,不同浓度BR浸根降低了叶片过氧化氢浓度(至移栽后12 d,分别降低12.50%、23.25%和22.25%),增强了叶片抗氧化酶活性;与移栽当天相比,移栽后第2天BR浸根处理叶片中玉米素(ZT)浓度迅速增加(分别为197.27%、153.11%和243.78%),而CK增加缓慢(2.94%),根系表现一致,且根系中生长素(IAA)浓度显著高于CK;同时BR处理在栽后一周内赤霉素(GA₃)浓度均明显高于对照。与CK相比,T10处理显著提高了每穗粒数和结实率(分别为15.04%和6.62%),T20处理显著提高了结实率(6.17%),但BR处理千粒重均显著下降,最终产量T10和T20处理较CK分别提高5.11%和7.99%。结论适当浓度的BR(T10~T20)浸根能减轻水卷苗机插植伤,提高抗氧化酶活性,降低H₂O₂含量,提高ZT、GA₃和IAA浓度,高效地促进根系生长,提高了每穗粒数和结实率。本研究可为减轻机插植伤,促进机插水稻高产稳产提供理论依据和技术参考。

关键词: 水稻, 植伤, 油菜素内酯, 抗氧化系统, 激素, 产量

Abstract:

【Objective】Mechanical transplanting results in serious transplanting shock of rice seedlings and a longer recovery stage, which negatively impacts the growth of rice seedlings in the paddy field and the yield formation of machine-transplanted rice. The objective of the research is to investigate the effects of brassinosteroid (BR) soaking on transplanting shock and grain yield of hydroponically grown long-mat seedlings (HLMS) under mechanical transplanting. 【Method】We analyzed the effects of different concentrations of BR (CK, T1, T10, T20,BR concentrations of 0 mg/L, 1 mg/L, 10 mg/L, 20 mg/L in the nutrient solutions, respectively) soaking on morphological traits, dry matteraccumulation, antioxidant system, endogenous hormone concentrations and grain yield of HLMS under mechanical transplanting. 【Result】Root soaking in BR could promote above-ground part growth of rice, the plant height under T1, T10, T20 was 11.68%, 8.12% and 7.61% higher than CK,respectively;and the effect on the root was more obvious, BR soaking significantly increased the root length, root surface area, root tip number, root volume, root diameter, root weight and root/shoot ratio. At low BR concentration, root tip overnumbered thatathighBRconcentrationwhile other root system indicators were better under high concentration BR treatment. Compared with CK, BR (T1, T10, T20) soaking decreased the H₂O₂ content inleaves by 12.50%, 23.25% and 22.25% 12 days aftertransplanting, respectively, and increased the activities of antioxidantenzymes. Compared with the day of transplanting, thezeatin (ZT) concentration in the leaves under BR soaking treatmentsincreased rapidly (197.27%, 153.11% and 243.78%, respectively), while under CK treatment it increased slowly (2.94%), the rootperformance was consistent with leaves, and the auxin (IAA) concentration in the roots was significantly higher than that of CKon the second day after transplanting. The gibberellin (GA₃) content of roots in BR soakingtreatments was significantly higher than that of CK within one week after transplanting. Compared with CK, T10 significantly increased the number of spikelet per panicle by 15.04%, and the seed-setting rate by 6.62%. T20 obviously increased the seed-setting rate by 6.17%. However, T1, T10, and T20 notably decreased 1000-grain weight. The grain yield underT10 and T20 treatments (the corresponding values were 10.58 t/hm² and 10.84 t/hm²) were 5.11% and 7.99% higher than CK (10.04 t/hm²), while grain yield under T1 (9.68 t/hm²) was 3.58%lower than that of CK,and there was no significant difference among these treatments. 【Conclusion】Briefly, BR （T10, T20）soaking at proper concentrationscould mitigate the transplanting shock, increase antioxidant enzymes activities, decrease H₂O₂ content of leaves, improve the contents of ZT, GA3, and IAA to different extent, efficientlypromote roots growth, increase the number of spikelet number per panicle and seed-setting rate of HLMS under mechanical transplanting. This study willlay a theoretical basis and provide technical reference for reducing machine-transplanting shock and promoting high and stable yield of mechanical transplanted rice.

Key words: rice, transplanting shock, brassinolide, antioxidant enzyme system, endogenous hormone, yield

中图分类号:

李玉祥, 何知舟, 丁艳锋, 王绍华, 李刚华. 油菜素内酯浸根对水稻水卷苗机插植伤的修复效应[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2020, 34(6): 539-549.

Yuxiang LI, Zhizhou He, Yanfeng DING, Shaohua WANG, anghua LIG. Recovery Effect of Root Soaking in Brassinosteroid (BR) on Transplanting Shock of Hydroponically GrownLong-Mat Rice Seedlings Under Mechanical Transplanting[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2020, 34(6): 539-549.

图/表 7

图1 不同浓度油菜素内酯处理对水卷苗栽后株高的影响 T1–BR浓度为1 mg/L;T10–BR浓度为10 mg/L;T20–BR浓度为20 mg/L;CK–BR浓度为0 mg/L。下同。

Fig.1. Effect of different concentrations of brassinolide (BR) on seedling height after transplanting. T1, 1 mg/L(BR); T10, 10 mg/L(BR); T20, 20 mg/L(BR); CK, 0 mg/L(BR). The same as below.

图2 不同浓度油菜素内酯处理对水卷苗栽后根系形态特征的影响

Fig.2. Effect of different concentrations of BR on root morphological characters after transplanting.

图3 不同浓度油菜素内酯处理对水卷苗栽后干物质积累的影响

Fig.3. Effect of different concentrations of BR on dry matter accumulation after transplanting

图4 不同浓度油菜素内酯处理对水卷苗栽后叶片过氧化氢浓度的影响

Fig.4. Effect of different concentrations of BR on H2O2concentration of leaves after transplanting.

图5 不同浓度油菜素内酯处理对水卷苗栽后抗氧化酶活性的影响

Fig.5. Effect of different concentrations of BR on antioxidant enzyme activities after transplanting.

图6 不同浓度油菜素内酯处理对水卷苗栽后叶片和根系内源激素含量的影响 A、B和C表示叶片中内源激素浓度;a、b和c表示根系中内源激素浓度。

Fig.6. Effect of different concentrations of BR on the concentrations of endogenous hormones of leaves and roots after transplanting. A, B and C represent the concentrations of endogenous hormonesin leaves; a,b and c represent the contents of endogenous hormonesin the root system.

表1 不同浓度油菜素内酯处理对机插水卷苗产量及其构成因子的影响

Table 1 Effect of different concentrations of BR on grain yield and its components.

处理 Treatment	有效穗数 Effective panicle number /(×10⁴·hm^-2)	每穗粒数 Spikelet number per panicle	颖花量 Spikelet number per square meter/×10³	结实率 Seed-setting rate /%	千粒重 1000-grain weight /g	产量 Yield /(t·hm^-2)
CK	333.67a	105.47b	35.19a	91.06b	26.87a	10.04a
T1	345.71a	102.03b	38.33a	92.01b	25.71b	9.68a
T10	307.64a	121.33a	37.29a	97.09a	25.10b	10.58a
T20	337.99a	113.42b	35.28a	96.68a	25.15b	10.84a

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油菜素内酯浸根对水稻水卷苗机插植伤的修复效应

Recovery Effect of Root Soaking in Brassinosteroid (BR) on Transplanting Shock of Hydroponically GrownLong-Mat Rice Seedlings Under Mechanical Transplanting

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