中国水稻科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 457-469.DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2020.9117
徐春梅1, 袁立伦2, 陈松1, 褚光1, 叶为发2, 丁玉华2, 王丹英1,*(), 章秀福1,*()
收稿日期:
2019-11-04
修回日期:
2019-12-30
出版日期:
2020-09-10
发布日期:
2020-09-10
通讯作者:
王丹英,章秀福
基金资助:
Chunmei XU1, Lilun YUAN2, Song CHEN1, Guang CHU1, Weifa YE2, Yuhua DING2, Danying WANG1,*(), Xiufu ZHANG1,*()
Received:
2019-11-04
Revised:
2019-12-30
Online:
2020-09-10
Published:
2020-09-10
Contact:
Danying WANG, Xiufu ZHANG
摘要:
【目的】研究在机插条件下长江下游不同生态区各类型优质晚稻产量、生长特性和温光利用的差异,为选择适宜在该地区作为双季种植的优质晚稻品种提供参考依据。【方法】以2016年和2017年筛选适合长江下游机插的双季优质晚稻为材料(常规籼稻、杂交籼稻、常规粳稻和常优杂粳共20个品种),比较在机插条件下浙江富阳(30.05°N, 119.95°E,海拔17.9 m)与安徽庐江(31.15ºN, 117.16ºE,海拔14 m)两个生态区在产量、生育期、干物质积累以及温光利用方面的差异。【结果】各类型晚稻产量高纬度试点均高于低纬度试验点。与浙江富阳点相比,安徽庐江点种植的常规籼稻、杂交籼稻、常规粳稻、常优杂粳稻产量分别高11.1%、12.9%、6.6%和12.4%。同一试点种植时,常优杂粳产量最高,常规籼稻最低。高纬度点种植时,生育期延长,干物质积累量增加。高纬度点生育期延长杂交籼稻最长(10.4 d),干物质积累量高纬度点增幅常规粳稻最大(齐穗期和成熟期分别增加11.93%和9.44%)。同一试点种植时,干物质积累量杂交稻大于常规稻。籼稻灌浆期和全生育期累积的有效积温两个纬度点差异不明显,但日照时数和太阳辐射及其利用率均是高纬度点显著高;粳稻灌浆期和全生育期累积的有效积温高纬度点明显较低,累积日照时数高纬度点变化不明显,而累积太阳辐射则显著增加;温光资源利用率的变化趋势与此一致;同一试点种植时,生育期、干物质积累量以及温光资源利用率均是粳稻大于籼稻。【结论】晚籼稻在安徽庐江点种植时能充分利用温光资源从而提高产量,晚粳稻对温光资源利用率差异不明显,安徽庐江点产量增加的原因是生育期延长和干物质增加。
中图分类号:
徐春梅, 袁立伦, 陈松, 褚光, 叶为发, 丁玉华, 王丹英, 章秀福. 长江下游不同生态区双季优质晚稻生长特性和温光利用差异[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2020, 34(5): 457-469.
Chunmei XU, Lilun YUAN, Song CHEN, Guang CHU, Weifa YE, Yuhua DING, Danying WANG, Xiufu ZHANG. Difference in Growth Characteristics, Utilization of Temperature and Illumination of Double- Cropping High Quality Late Rice in Different Ecological Regions of the Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2020, 34(5): 457-469.
变异来源 Source of variation | 自由度 df | 平方和 Sum of square | 均方 Mean square | F值 F-value | F0.05 | F0.01 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
年份Year | 1 | 0.26 | 0.26 | 4.05 ns | 4.17 | 7.56 |
纬度 Latitude | 1 | 6.95 | 6.95 | 378.16** | 4.17 | 7.56 |
类型 Type | 3 | 25.39 | 8.64 | 460.52** | 2.92 | 4.51 |
年份×纬度Year × Latitude | 1 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 1.07 ns | 4.17 | 7.56 |
年份×类型Year × Type | 3 | 0.12 | 0.04 | 1.07 ns | 2.92 | 4.51 |
纬度×类型 Latitude × Type | 3 | 0.95 | 0.32 | 17.17** | 2.92 | 4.51 |
年份×纬度×类型Year × Latitude ×Type | 3 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 1.40 ns | 2.92 | 4.51 |
误差 Error | 15 | 0.55 | 0.02 | |||
总变异 Total | 47 | 34.54 |
表1 产量在不同纬度、品种类型和年份间的方差分析
Table 1 Analysis of variances of grain yield with different latitudes and types in different years.
变异来源 Source of variation | 自由度 df | 平方和 Sum of square | 均方 Mean square | F值 F-value | F0.05 | F0.01 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
年份Year | 1 | 0.26 | 0.26 | 4.05 ns | 4.17 | 7.56 |
纬度 Latitude | 1 | 6.95 | 6.95 | 378.16** | 4.17 | 7.56 |
类型 Type | 3 | 25.39 | 8.64 | 460.52** | 2.92 | 4.51 |
年份×纬度Year × Latitude | 1 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 1.07 ns | 4.17 | 7.56 |
年份×类型Year × Type | 3 | 0.12 | 0.04 | 1.07 ns | 2.92 | 4.51 |
纬度×类型 Latitude × Type | 3 | 0.95 | 0.32 | 17.17** | 2.92 | 4.51 |
年份×纬度×类型Year × Latitude ×Type | 3 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 1.40 ns | 2.92 | 4.51 |
误差 Error | 15 | 0.55 | 0.02 | |||
总变异 Total | 47 | 34.54 |
品种类型 Type of variety | 试验地 Site | 纬度 Latitude /° | 有效穗数 Effective panicle number/(×104·hm-2) | 每穗粒数 Spikelet number per panicle | 总颖花量 Total number of spikelets /(×104·hm-2) | 结实率 Filled-grain percentage/% | 千粒重 1000-grain weight/g | 实际产量 Actual yield /(t·hm-2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
杂交籼稻 IHR | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 31.15 | 384.79 a | 124.51 b | 4.78 a | 82.35 a | 24.91 a | 9.00 a |
浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 30.05 | 334.17 b | 148.22 a | 4.89 a | 82.32 a | 23.97 a | 8.44 b | |
常规籼稻 ICR | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 31.15 | 351.92 a | 114.38 b | 4.05 a | 80.99 a | 26.96 a | 7.90 a |
浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 30.05 | 297.08 b | 129.25 a | 3.81 a | 80.48 a | 25.70 b | 7.11 b | |
常优杂粳 CYJHR | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 31.15 | 390.37 a | 127.80 b | 4.99 a | 74.68 a | 27.32 a | 9.79 a |
浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 30.05 | 290.32 b | 144.63 a | 4.20 a | 80.92 a | 27.18 a | 8.67 b | |
常规粳稻 JCR | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 31.15 | 419.23 a | 109.87 b | 4.56 a | 82.79 a | 27.08 a | 9.59 a |
浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 30.05 | 319.47 b | 124.27 a | 3.97 b | 87.25 a | 27.39 a | 8.53 b |
表2 两个生态区双季晚稻产量及其构成
Table 2 Yield and its components of double cropping late rice in two ecological areas.
品种类型 Type of variety | 试验地 Site | 纬度 Latitude /° | 有效穗数 Effective panicle number/(×104·hm-2) | 每穗粒数 Spikelet number per panicle | 总颖花量 Total number of spikelets /(×104·hm-2) | 结实率 Filled-grain percentage/% | 千粒重 1000-grain weight/g | 实际产量 Actual yield /(t·hm-2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
杂交籼稻 IHR | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 31.15 | 384.79 a | 124.51 b | 4.78 a | 82.35 a | 24.91 a | 9.00 a |
浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 30.05 | 334.17 b | 148.22 a | 4.89 a | 82.32 a | 23.97 a | 8.44 b | |
常规籼稻 ICR | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 31.15 | 351.92 a | 114.38 b | 4.05 a | 80.99 a | 26.96 a | 7.90 a |
浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 30.05 | 297.08 b | 129.25 a | 3.81 a | 80.48 a | 25.70 b | 7.11 b | |
常优杂粳 CYJHR | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 31.15 | 390.37 a | 127.80 b | 4.99 a | 74.68 a | 27.32 a | 9.79 a |
浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 30.05 | 290.32 b | 144.63 a | 4.20 a | 80.92 a | 27.18 a | 8.67 b | |
常规粳稻 JCR | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 31.15 | 419.23 a | 109.87 b | 4.56 a | 82.79 a | 27.08 a | 9.59 a |
浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 30.05 | 319.47 b | 124.27 a | 3.97 b | 87.25 a | 27.39 a | 8.53 b |
品种类型 Type of variety | 试验地 Site | 纬度 Latitude /° | 播种期 S (Month-Day) | 移栽期 T (Month-Day) | 齐穗期 H (Month-Day) | 成熟期 M (Month-Day) | 播种-齐穗期天数 S-H/d | 齐穗-成熟期天数 H-M/d | 全生育期天数 Growth duration/d |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
杂交籼稻 IHR | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 31.15 | 06-26 | 07-15 | 09-02–9-14 (09-09) | 10-16–10-30 (10-25) | 75.2 a | 46.5 a | 121.7 a |
浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 30.05 | 06-27 | 07-19 | 09-01–9-14 (09-08) | 10-4–10-26 (10-18) | 73.5 a | 39.8 b | 113.3 b | |
常规籼稻 ICR | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 31.15 | 06-26 | 07-15 | 09-06–9-12 (09-09) | 10-16–11-5 (10-28) | 75.7 a | 48.5 a | 124.2 a |
浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 30.05 | 06-27 | 07-19 | 09-06–9-15 (09-12) | 10-10–10-26 (10-18) | 77.3 a | 36.5 b | 113.8 b | |
常优杂粳 CYJHR | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 31.15 | 06-26 | 07-15 | 09-15–9-20 (09-17) | 11-9–11-15 (11-12) | 83.5 a | 55.5 b | 139.0 a |
浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 30.05 | 06-27 | 07-19 | 09-10–9-12 (09-11) | 11-2–11-13 (11-7) | 76.0 b | 57.5 a | 133.5 b | |
常规粳稻 JCR | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 31.15 | 06-26 | 07-15 | 09-09–9-21 (09-15) | 10-24–11-13 (11-6) | 81.8 a | 51.2 b | 133.0 a |
浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 30.05 | 06-27 | 07-19 | 09-06–9-12 (09-10) | 10-22–11-3 (11-3) | 75.0 b | 54.5 a | 129.5 b |
表3 两个生态区双季晚稻生育期
Table 3 Growth duration of double cropping late rice of two ecological areas.
品种类型 Type of variety | 试验地 Site | 纬度 Latitude /° | 播种期 S (Month-Day) | 移栽期 T (Month-Day) | 齐穗期 H (Month-Day) | 成熟期 M (Month-Day) | 播种-齐穗期天数 S-H/d | 齐穗-成熟期天数 H-M/d | 全生育期天数 Growth duration/d |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
杂交籼稻 IHR | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 31.15 | 06-26 | 07-15 | 09-02–9-14 (09-09) | 10-16–10-30 (10-25) | 75.2 a | 46.5 a | 121.7 a |
浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 30.05 | 06-27 | 07-19 | 09-01–9-14 (09-08) | 10-4–10-26 (10-18) | 73.5 a | 39.8 b | 113.3 b | |
常规籼稻 ICR | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 31.15 | 06-26 | 07-15 | 09-06–9-12 (09-09) | 10-16–11-5 (10-28) | 75.7 a | 48.5 a | 124.2 a |
浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 30.05 | 06-27 | 07-19 | 09-06–9-15 (09-12) | 10-10–10-26 (10-18) | 77.3 a | 36.5 b | 113.8 b | |
常优杂粳 CYJHR | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 31.15 | 06-26 | 07-15 | 09-15–9-20 (09-17) | 11-9–11-15 (11-12) | 83.5 a | 55.5 b | 139.0 a |
浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 30.05 | 06-27 | 07-19 | 09-10–9-12 (09-11) | 11-2–11-13 (11-7) | 76.0 b | 57.5 a | 133.5 b | |
常规粳稻 JCR | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 31.15 | 06-26 | 07-15 | 09-09–9-21 (09-15) | 10-24–11-13 (11-6) | 81.8 a | 51.2 b | 133.0 a |
浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 30.05 | 06-27 | 07-19 | 09-06–9-12 (09-10) | 10-22–11-3 (11-3) | 75.0 b | 54.5 a | 129.5 b |
变异来源 Source of variation | 自由度 df | 平方和 Sum of square | 均方 Mean square | F值 F-value | F0.05 | F0.01 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
年份 Year | 1 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 2.05 ns | 4.17 | 7.56 |
纬度 Latitude | 1 | 16.85 | 16.85 | 86.84** | 4.17 | 7.56 |
类型 Type | 3 | 25.51 | 8.50 | 43.81** | 2.92 | 4.51 |
年份×纬度Year ×Latitude | 1 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.43 ns | 4.17 | 7.56 |
年份×类型Year × Type | 3 | 0.25 | 0.08 | 0.43 ns | 2.92 | 4.51 |
纬度×类型 Latitude × Type | 3 | 9.26 | 3.09 | 15.91** | 2.92 | 4.51 |
年份×纬度×类型Year × Latitude × Type | 3 | 0.25 | 0.08 | 0.43 ns | 2.92 | 4.51 |
误差 Error | 15 | 5.82 | 0.19 | |||
总变异 Total | 47 | 60.13 |
表4 干物质在不同纬度、品种类型和年份间的方差分析
Table 4 Analysis of variances of grain dry matter with different latitudes and types in different years.
变异来源 Source of variation | 自由度 df | 平方和 Sum of square | 均方 Mean square | F值 F-value | F0.05 | F0.01 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
年份 Year | 1 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 2.05 ns | 4.17 | 7.56 |
纬度 Latitude | 1 | 16.85 | 16.85 | 86.84** | 4.17 | 7.56 |
类型 Type | 3 | 25.51 | 8.50 | 43.81** | 2.92 | 4.51 |
年份×纬度Year ×Latitude | 1 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.43 ns | 4.17 | 7.56 |
年份×类型Year × Type | 3 | 0.25 | 0.08 | 0.43 ns | 2.92 | 4.51 |
纬度×类型 Latitude × Type | 3 | 9.26 | 3.09 | 15.91** | 2.92 | 4.51 |
年份×纬度×类型Year × Latitude × Type | 3 | 0.25 | 0.08 | 0.43 ns | 2.92 | 4.51 |
误差 Error | 15 | 5.82 | 0.19 | |||
总变异 Total | 47 | 60.13 |
品种类型 Type of variety | 试验地 Site | 纬度 Latitude/° | 干物质积累量 Dry matter accumulation/(t·hm-2) | 群体生长速率 Crop growth rate/(g·d-1m-2) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
齐穗期 Heading stage | 成熟期 Maturing stage | 移栽-齐穗期 S-H | 齐穗-成熟期 H-M | |||
杂交籼稻 IHR | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 31° | 10.67 a | 19.28 a | 14.26 a | 18.49 b |
浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 30° | 9.88 b | 18.05 b | 13.47 b | 19.84 a | |
常规籼稻 ICR | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 31° | 9.95 a | 18.26 a | 13.14 a | 17.31b |
浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 30° | 9.66 a | 16.73 b | 12.49 b | 19.54 a | |
常优杂粳 CYJHR | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 31° | 10.31 a | 20.17 a | 12.33 a | 17.78 a |
浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 30° | 9.37 b | 19.64 a | 12.34 a | 17.80 a | |
常规粳稻 JCR | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 31° | 9.38 a | 20.28 a | 11.50 a | 21.48 a |
浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 30° | 8.38 b | 18.53 b | 11.16 a | 18.77 b |
表5 不同生态区对双季晚稻干物质积累与群体生长速率的影响
Table 5 Effects of different ecological regions on dry matter accumulation and crop growth rate of double cropping late rice.
品种类型 Type of variety | 试验地 Site | 纬度 Latitude/° | 干物质积累量 Dry matter accumulation/(t·hm-2) | 群体生长速率 Crop growth rate/(g·d-1m-2) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
齐穗期 Heading stage | 成熟期 Maturing stage | 移栽-齐穗期 S-H | 齐穗-成熟期 H-M | |||
杂交籼稻 IHR | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 31° | 10.67 a | 19.28 a | 14.26 a | 18.49 b |
浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 30° | 9.88 b | 18.05 b | 13.47 b | 19.84 a | |
常规籼稻 ICR | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 31° | 9.95 a | 18.26 a | 13.14 a | 17.31b |
浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 30° | 9.66 a | 16.73 b | 12.49 b | 19.54 a | |
常优杂粳 CYJHR | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 31° | 10.31 a | 20.17 a | 12.33 a | 17.78 a |
浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 30° | 9.37 b | 19.64 a | 12.34 a | 17.80 a | |
常规粳稻 JCR | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 31° | 9.38 a | 20.28 a | 11.50 a | 21.48 a |
浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 30° | 8.38 b | 18.53 b | 11.16 a | 18.77 b |
生育期 Growth stage | 项目 Item | 品种类型 Type of variety | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
杂交籼稻 IHR | 常规籼稻 ICR | 常优杂粳 CYJHR | 常规粳稻 JCR | |||||||||
安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | |||||
播种-齐穗期 S-H | 日均温度 Average daily temperature/℃ | 29.03 a | 29.56 a | 29.02 a | 29.38 a | 28.58 a | 29.44 a | 28.67 a | 29.55 a | |||
日均温差 Average daily temperature difference/℃ | 8.00 a | 8.38 a | 8.05 a | 8.34 a | 7.98 a | 8.37 a | 8.01 a | 8.39 a | ||||
日均日照时数 Average daily sunshine hours/h | 6.88 b | 7.24 a | 6.90 a | 7.11 a | 6.64 b | 7.19 a | 6.70 b | 7.24 a | ||||
齐穗-成熟期 H-M | 日均温度 Average daily temperature /℃ | 20.35 b | 22.89 a | 20.06 b | 22.35 a | 17.91 b | 21.28 a | 18.61 b | 21.52 a | |||
日均温差 Average daily temperature difference/℃ | 9.87 a | 7.47 b | 9.98 a | 7.54 b | 10.21 a | 7.53 b | 10.21 a | 7.50 b | ||||
日均日照时数 Average daily sunshine hours/h | 5.03 a | 5.03 a | 5.03 a | 5.14 a | 4.93 a | 4.93 a | 5.02 a | 4.85 a | ||||
全生育期 WGP | 日均温度 Average daily temperature /℃ | 25.70 b | 27.14 a | 25.51 b | 27.13 a | 24.30 b | 25.65 a | 25.00 a | 25.94 a | |||
日均温差 Average daily temperature difference/℃ | 8.72 a | 7.05 b | 8.80 a | 7.83 b | 8.89 a | 8.01 b | 8.80 a | 8.04 b | ||||
日均日照时数 Average daily sunshine hours/h | 6.14 b | 7.50 a | 6.19 b | 6.75 a | 5.98 a | 6.19 a | 6.07 a | 6.24 a |
表6 不同纬度双季晚稻各生育阶段日均温光差异
Table 6 Difference of daily average temperature and light in different growth stages of double cropping late rice at different latitudes.
生育期 Growth stage | 项目 Item | 品种类型 Type of variety | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
杂交籼稻 IHR | 常规籼稻 ICR | 常优杂粳 CYJHR | 常规粳稻 JCR | |||||||||
安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | |||||
播种-齐穗期 S-H | 日均温度 Average daily temperature/℃ | 29.03 a | 29.56 a | 29.02 a | 29.38 a | 28.58 a | 29.44 a | 28.67 a | 29.55 a | |||
日均温差 Average daily temperature difference/℃ | 8.00 a | 8.38 a | 8.05 a | 8.34 a | 7.98 a | 8.37 a | 8.01 a | 8.39 a | ||||
日均日照时数 Average daily sunshine hours/h | 6.88 b | 7.24 a | 6.90 a | 7.11 a | 6.64 b | 7.19 a | 6.70 b | 7.24 a | ||||
齐穗-成熟期 H-M | 日均温度 Average daily temperature /℃ | 20.35 b | 22.89 a | 20.06 b | 22.35 a | 17.91 b | 21.28 a | 18.61 b | 21.52 a | |||
日均温差 Average daily temperature difference/℃ | 9.87 a | 7.47 b | 9.98 a | 7.54 b | 10.21 a | 7.53 b | 10.21 a | 7.50 b | ||||
日均日照时数 Average daily sunshine hours/h | 5.03 a | 5.03 a | 5.03 a | 5.14 a | 4.93 a | 4.93 a | 5.02 a | 4.85 a | ||||
全生育期 WGP | 日均温度 Average daily temperature /℃ | 25.70 b | 27.14 a | 25.51 b | 27.13 a | 24.30 b | 25.65 a | 25.00 a | 25.94 a | |||
日均温差 Average daily temperature difference/℃ | 8.72 a | 7.05 b | 8.80 a | 7.83 b | 8.89 a | 8.01 b | 8.80 a | 8.04 b | ||||
日均日照时数 Average daily sunshine hours/h | 6.14 b | 7.50 a | 6.19 b | 6.75 a | 5.98 a | 6.19 a | 6.07 a | 6.24 a |
生育期 Growth stage | 项目 Item | 品种类型 Type of variety | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
杂交籼稻 IHR | 常规籼稻 ICR | 常优杂粳 CYJHR | 常规粳稻 JCR | ||||||||||
安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | ||||||
播种-齐穗期 S-H | 有效积温 Effective accumulated temperature/℃ | 1447.70 a | 1456.72 a | 1457.13 a | 1517.70 a | 1570.05 a | 1496.95 a | 1545.37 a | 1485.09 a | ||||
日照时数 Illumination hour/h | 523.38 a | 539.18 a | 528.60 a | 555.98 a | 560.75 a | 553.80 a | 554.73 a | 549.78 a | |||||
太阳辐射 Solar radiation/(MJ·m-2) | 1349.80 a | 1358.77 a | 1361.84 a | 1419.12 a | 1478.35 a | 1399.77 a | 1454.68 a | 1384.66 b | |||||
齐穗-成熟期 H-M | 有效积温 Effective accumulated temperature/℃ | 491.30 a | 516.53 a | 495.53 a | 460.37 a | 439.20 b | 618.40 a | 445.48 b | 607.13 a | ||||
日照时数 Illumination hour/h | 238.43 a | 207.07 b | 249.28 a | 192.02 b | 278.70 a | 282.45 a | 261.82 a | 270.08 a | |||||
太阳辐射 Solar radiation/(MJ·m-2) | 744.86 a | 580.66 b | 772.33 a | 526.80 b | 833.22 a | 777.68 b | 790.79 a | 750.14 b | |||||
全生育期 WGP | 有效积温 Effective accumulated temperature/℃ | 1923.53 a | 1957.35 a | 1938.53 a | 1962.23 a | 2001.25 a | 2102.35 a | 1975.93 a | 2076.70 a | ||||
日照时数 Illumination hour/h | 756.87 a | 739.87 b | 774.70 a | 742.98 b | 837.10 a | 831.60 a | 811.65 a | 814.18 a | |||||
太阳辐射 Solar radiation/(MJ·m-2) | 2078.78 a | 1923.15 b | 2116.89 a | 1929.89 b | 2303.27 a | 2162.39 b | 2229.35 a | 2119.23 b |
表7 两个纬度双季晚稻不同生育阶段累积温光差异
Table 7 Difference of effective accumulated temperature and light in different growth stages of double cropping late rice at two latitudes.
生育期 Growth stage | 项目 Item | 品种类型 Type of variety | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
杂交籼稻 IHR | 常规籼稻 ICR | 常优杂粳 CYJHR | 常规粳稻 JCR | ||||||||||
安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | ||||||
播种-齐穗期 S-H | 有效积温 Effective accumulated temperature/℃ | 1447.70 a | 1456.72 a | 1457.13 a | 1517.70 a | 1570.05 a | 1496.95 a | 1545.37 a | 1485.09 a | ||||
日照时数 Illumination hour/h | 523.38 a | 539.18 a | 528.60 a | 555.98 a | 560.75 a | 553.80 a | 554.73 a | 549.78 a | |||||
太阳辐射 Solar radiation/(MJ·m-2) | 1349.80 a | 1358.77 a | 1361.84 a | 1419.12 a | 1478.35 a | 1399.77 a | 1454.68 a | 1384.66 b | |||||
齐穗-成熟期 H-M | 有效积温 Effective accumulated temperature/℃ | 491.30 a | 516.53 a | 495.53 a | 460.37 a | 439.20 b | 618.40 a | 445.48 b | 607.13 a | ||||
日照时数 Illumination hour/h | 238.43 a | 207.07 b | 249.28 a | 192.02 b | 278.70 a | 282.45 a | 261.82 a | 270.08 a | |||||
太阳辐射 Solar radiation/(MJ·m-2) | 744.86 a | 580.66 b | 772.33 a | 526.80 b | 833.22 a | 777.68 b | 790.79 a | 750.14 b | |||||
全生育期 WGP | 有效积温 Effective accumulated temperature/℃ | 1923.53 a | 1957.35 a | 1938.53 a | 1962.23 a | 2001.25 a | 2102.35 a | 1975.93 a | 2076.70 a | ||||
日照时数 Illumination hour/h | 756.87 a | 739.87 b | 774.70 a | 742.98 b | 837.10 a | 831.60 a | 811.65 a | 814.18 a | |||||
太阳辐射 Solar radiation/(MJ·m-2) | 2078.78 a | 1923.15 b | 2116.89 a | 1929.89 b | 2303.27 a | 2162.39 b | 2229.35 a | 2119.23 b |
生育期 Growth stage | 项目 Item | 品种类型 Type of variety | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
杂交籼稻 IHR | 常规籼稻 ICR | 常优杂粳 CYJHR | 常规粳稻 JCR | |||||||||
安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | |||||
播种-齐穗期 S-H | 有效积温利用率 Effective accumulated temperature utilization rate/% | 56.29 a | 48.58 b | 56.66 a | 50.61 b | 61.04 a | 49.92 b | 60.09 a | 49.52 b | |||
日照时数利用率 Illumination hour utilization rate/% | 29.07 a | 30.91 a | 29.36 a | 31.88 a | 31.14 a | 31.75 a | 30.81 a | 31.52 a | ||||
太阳辐射时数利用率 Solar radiation hour utilization rate/% | 24.29 a | 25.48 a | 24.50 b | 26.61 a | 26.60 a | 26.24 a | 26.17 a | 25.96 a | ||||
齐穗-成熟期 H-M | 有效积温利用率 Effective accumulated temperature utilization rate/% | 19.10 a | 17.22 b | 19.27 a | 15.35 b | 17.35 b | 20.62 a | 17.32 b | 20.25 a | |||
日照时数利用率 Illumination hour utilization rate/% | 13.24 a | 11.87 b | 13.84 a | 11.01 b | 15.48 a | 16.19 a | 14.54 a | 15.48 a | ||||
太阳辐射时数利用率 Solar radiation hour utilization rate/% | 13.40 a | 10.89 b | 13.90 a | 9.88 b | 15.10 a | 14.58 a | 14.23 a | 14.06 a | ||||
全生育期 WGP | 有效积温利用率 Effective accumulated temperature utilization rate/% | 74.76 a | 65.27 b | 75.37 a | 65.53 b | 70.10 b | 77.81 a | 76.83 a | 69.25 b | |||
日照时数利用率 Illumination hour utilization rate/% | 42.03 a | 42.41 a | 43.02 a | 42.60 a | 46.49 a | 47.68 a | 45.07 a | 46.68 a | ||||
太阳辐射时数利用率 Solar radiation hour utilization rate/% | 37.40 a | 36.06 a | 38.09 a | 36.18 b | 41.44 a | 40.54 a | 40.11 a | 39.73 a |
表8 两个纬度双季晚稻不同生育阶段温光利用效率的差异
Table 8 Difference in temperature and light utilization efficiency in different growth stages of double cropping late rice at two latitudes.
生育期 Growth stage | 项目 Item | 品种类型 Type of variety | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
杂交籼稻 IHR | 常规籼稻 ICR | 常优杂粳 CYJHR | 常规粳稻 JCR | |||||||||
安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | 安徽庐江 Lujiang, Anhui Province | 浙江富阳 Fuyang, Zhejiang Province | |||||
播种-齐穗期 S-H | 有效积温利用率 Effective accumulated temperature utilization rate/% | 56.29 a | 48.58 b | 56.66 a | 50.61 b | 61.04 a | 49.92 b | 60.09 a | 49.52 b | |||
日照时数利用率 Illumination hour utilization rate/% | 29.07 a | 30.91 a | 29.36 a | 31.88 a | 31.14 a | 31.75 a | 30.81 a | 31.52 a | ||||
太阳辐射时数利用率 Solar radiation hour utilization rate/% | 24.29 a | 25.48 a | 24.50 b | 26.61 a | 26.60 a | 26.24 a | 26.17 a | 25.96 a | ||||
齐穗-成熟期 H-M | 有效积温利用率 Effective accumulated temperature utilization rate/% | 19.10 a | 17.22 b | 19.27 a | 15.35 b | 17.35 b | 20.62 a | 17.32 b | 20.25 a | |||
日照时数利用率 Illumination hour utilization rate/% | 13.24 a | 11.87 b | 13.84 a | 11.01 b | 15.48 a | 16.19 a | 14.54 a | 15.48 a | ||||
太阳辐射时数利用率 Solar radiation hour utilization rate/% | 13.40 a | 10.89 b | 13.90 a | 9.88 b | 15.10 a | 14.58 a | 14.23 a | 14.06 a | ||||
全生育期 WGP | 有效积温利用率 Effective accumulated temperature utilization rate/% | 74.76 a | 65.27 b | 75.37 a | 65.53 b | 70.10 b | 77.81 a | 76.83 a | 69.25 b | |||
日照时数利用率 Illumination hour utilization rate/% | 42.03 a | 42.41 a | 43.02 a | 42.60 a | 46.49 a | 47.68 a | 45.07 a | 46.68 a | ||||
太阳辐射时数利用率 Solar radiation hour utilization rate/% | 37.40 a | 36.06 a | 38.09 a | 36.18 b | 41.44 a | 40.54 a | 40.11 a | 39.73 a |
生育期 Growth stage | 项目 Item | 有效穗数 Effective panicle number | 每穗粒数 Spikelet number per panicle | 总颖花量 Total number of spikelets | 结实率 Filled-grain percentage | 千粒重 1000-grain weight | 实际产量 Actual yield |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
播种-齐穗期 Sowing-full heading | 累积有效积温 Effective accumulated temperature | 0.304 | -0.223 | 0.136 | -0.536 | 0.551 | 0.440 |
累积日照时数 Accumulated illumination hours | -0.139 | 0.113 | -0.109 | -0.294 | 0.502 | 0.189 | |
累积太阳辐射 Accumulated solar radiation | 0.344 | -0.246 | 0.163 | -0.551 | 0.551 | 0.466 | |
齐穗-成熟期 Full heading- maturity | 累积有效积温 Effective accumulated temperature | -0.663 | 0.462 | -0.386 | 0.562 | 0.175 | -0.170 |
累积日照时数 Accumulated illumination hours | 0.253 | -0.211 | 0.121 | -0.087 | 0.796* | 0.675 | |
累积太阳辐射 Accumulated solar radiation | 0.518 | -0.453 | 0.231 | -0.198 | 0.734* | 0.726* | |
全生育期 Whole growth duration | 累积有效积温 Effective accumulated temperature | -0.487 | 0.340 | -0.302 | 0.197 | 0.587 | 0.144 |
累积日照时数 Accumulated illumination hours | 0.175 | -0.149 | 0.067 | -0.199 | 0.857** | 0.639 | |
累积太阳辐射 Accumulated solar radiation | 0.557 | -0.436 | 0.282 | -0.355 | 0.780* | 0.785* |
表9 温光与产量及其构成的关系
Table 9 Relationship of temperature and light resources with yield and its components.
生育期 Growth stage | 项目 Item | 有效穗数 Effective panicle number | 每穗粒数 Spikelet number per panicle | 总颖花量 Total number of spikelets | 结实率 Filled-grain percentage | 千粒重 1000-grain weight | 实际产量 Actual yield |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
播种-齐穗期 Sowing-full heading | 累积有效积温 Effective accumulated temperature | 0.304 | -0.223 | 0.136 | -0.536 | 0.551 | 0.440 |
累积日照时数 Accumulated illumination hours | -0.139 | 0.113 | -0.109 | -0.294 | 0.502 | 0.189 | |
累积太阳辐射 Accumulated solar radiation | 0.344 | -0.246 | 0.163 | -0.551 | 0.551 | 0.466 | |
齐穗-成熟期 Full heading- maturity | 累积有效积温 Effective accumulated temperature | -0.663 | 0.462 | -0.386 | 0.562 | 0.175 | -0.170 |
累积日照时数 Accumulated illumination hours | 0.253 | -0.211 | 0.121 | -0.087 | 0.796* | 0.675 | |
累积太阳辐射 Accumulated solar radiation | 0.518 | -0.453 | 0.231 | -0.198 | 0.734* | 0.726* | |
全生育期 Whole growth duration | 累积有效积温 Effective accumulated temperature | -0.487 | 0.340 | -0.302 | 0.197 | 0.587 | 0.144 |
累积日照时数 Accumulated illumination hours | 0.175 | -0.149 | 0.067 | -0.199 | 0.857** | 0.639 | |
累积太阳辐射 Accumulated solar radiation | 0.557 | -0.436 | 0.282 | -0.355 | 0.780* | 0.785* |
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