聚合水稻温敏核不育基因和反温敏核不育基因创制永久核 不育系

doi:10.16819/j.1001-7216.2017.7017 371

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的制种安全是影响两系杂交稻持续健康发展的关键问题。本研究旨在探索解决两系杂交水稻的制种安全隐患途径。方法以16个（光）温敏核不育系与4个反温敏核不育系配组并对F₁育性进行观察,选择矮紫S（温敏核不育系）和矮雁s（反温敏核不育系）为构建永久核不育系的供源亲本。通过回交将矮紫S和矮雁s的育性基因导入到桥梁亲本天丰B中,分别育成天丰B的近等基因系天丰S和天丰s。结果天丰S和天丰s杂交获得的天丰Ss即为永久核不育系。对天丰Ss的育性、可恢性等特性的研究表明,天丰Ss在自然长日高温和短日低温下均表现不育;天丰Ss及其3个亲本与5个恢复系杂交的F₁组合结实率无明显差异。结论永久核不育系的创制有望从根本上解决两系杂交水稻的制种安全问题。

关键词: 水稻, 温敏核不育, 反温敏核不育, 永久核不育系

Abstract:

： 【Objective】The security problem of seed production has seriously hampered the steadily and sustainable development of two-line hybrid rice. 【Method】Aizi S (thermos-sensitive genic male sterile, TSGMS) and Aiyan s (reverse temperature sensitive genic male sterile line, RTSGMS) were screened as the original parents to develop permanent genic sterile line (PGSL) according to the F₁fertility of crosses among 16 (light-) TSGMS and 4 RTSGMS. The fertility genes were introduced into the near isogenic lines Tianfeng S and Tianfeng s by backcrossing Aizi S and Aiyan s with the bridge parent Tianfeng B, respectively. Then, Tianfeng Ss, the PGSL, was observed from the cross between Tianfeng S and Tianfeng s. The fertility, restoration, competitive advantage of yield-related traits and reproductive characteristics of Tianfeng Ss were investigated. 【Result】 Tianfeng Ss was completely sterile under natural long day with high temperature and short day with low temperature. And no obvious difference was noted among the F₁ crosses from Tianfeng Ss and its three parents and five restorers in spikelet fertility percentage. 【Conclusion】The results showed that the newly developed PGSL might solve the security problem of seed production in two-line hybrid rice fundamentally.

Key words: rice, thermo-sensitive genic male, reverse thermo-sensitive genic male, permanent genic sterile line

江建华, 倪金龙, 吴爽, 王德正. 聚合水稻温敏核不育基因和反温敏核不育基因创制永久核不育系[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2017, 31(4): 371-378.

Jianhua JIANG, Jinlong NI, Shuang WU, Dezheng WANG. Development of Permanent Genic Male Sterile Line by Pyramiding Thermo-sensitive Genic Male Sterile Genes and Reverse Temperature Induced Genic Male Sterile Genes in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2017, 31(4): 371-378.

图/表 5

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材料类型与名称 Material type and name
籼型温敏核不育系indica thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line
广茉S Guangmo S		广占63-4S/茉莉新占 Guangzhan 63-4S/Molixinzhan	安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
2301S		浙农40/安农S-1 Zhenong 40/Annong S-1	安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
1892S		培矮64S突变系选 Peiai 64S mutant	安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
矮紫S Aizi S		1892S/紫恢100 1892S/Zihui 100	安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
新二S Xin’er S		新安S/2301S Xin’an S/2301S	安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
矮占43S Aizhan 43S		培矮64S/广占63-4S/Kitaake Peiai 64S/Guangzhan 63-4S/Kitaake	安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
P88S		株173S/培矮64S Zhu 173S/Peiai 64S	湖南杂交水稻研究中心Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center
培矮64S Peiai 64S		农垦58S/培矮64 Nongken 58S/Peiai 64	湖南杂交水稻研究中心Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center
广占63S Guangzhan 63S		N422S/广占63 N422S//Guangzhan 63	辽宁省农业科学院、丰乐种业Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fengle Seed Co. Ltd
粳型光温敏核不育系indica photo- and thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line
7001S		农垦58S/917 Nongken 58S/917	安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
2304S		7001S/双九 7001S/Shuangjiu	安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
2312S		7001S/双九 7001S/Shuangjiu	安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
粳518S Jing 518S		7001S/C418	安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
粳519S Jing 519S		7001S/C418//3402S	安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
20672S		—	云南省农业科学院Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
云粳202S Yunjing 202S		N5088S/合系34 N5088S/Hexi 34	云南省农业科学院Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
粳型反温敏核不育系 japonica reverse thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line
粳5278s Jing 5278s		—	安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
籼型反温敏核不育系 indica reverse thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line
矮雁s Aiyan s	雁农s/矮占43S//R998 Yannong s/Aizhan 43S//R998		安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
雁78s Yan 78s	雁农s/R998 Yannong s/R998		安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
雁农s Yannong s	3714突变不育株 Sterile mutant from 3714		衡阳农业科学研究所Agricultural Institute of Hengyang
籼稻恢复系 indica rice restorer line
R727	R933/9311//9311-Pi9		安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
R998	9311/Pi9供体 9311/Pi9 donor		安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
华占 Huazhan	SC2-S6		中国水稻研究所China National Rice Research Institute
扬稻6号Yangdao 6	扬稻4号/盐3021 Yangdao 4/Yan 3021		里下河地区农业科学研究所 Lixiahe Regional Agricultural Research Institute
中籼WH26 Zhongxian WH26	2707/209512		宣城农业科学研究所Agricultural Institute of Xuancheng
桥梁亲本Bridge parent
天丰B Tianfeng B	博B/G9248 Bo B/G9248		广东省农业科学院 Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences

材料类型与名称 Material type and name
籼型温敏核不育系indica thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line
广茉S Guangmo S		广占63-4S/茉莉新占 Guangzhan 63-4S/Molixinzhan	安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
2301S		浙农40/安农S-1 Zhenong 40/Annong S-1	安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
1892S		培矮64S突变系选 Peiai 64S mutant	安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
矮紫S Aizi S		1892S/紫恢100 1892S/Zihui 100	安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
新二S Xin’er S		新安S/2301S Xin’an S/2301S	安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
矮占43S Aizhan 43S		培矮64S/广占63-4S/Kitaake Peiai 64S/Guangzhan 63-4S/Kitaake	安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
P88S		株173S/培矮64S Zhu 173S/Peiai 64S	湖南杂交水稻研究中心Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center
培矮64S Peiai 64S		农垦58S/培矮64 Nongken 58S/Peiai 64	湖南杂交水稻研究中心Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center
广占63S Guangzhan 63S		N422S/广占63 N422S//Guangzhan 63	辽宁省农业科学院、丰乐种业Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fengle Seed Co. Ltd
粳型光温敏核不育系indica photo- and thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line
7001S		农垦58S/917 Nongken 58S/917	安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
2304S		7001S/双九 7001S/Shuangjiu	安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
2312S		7001S/双九 7001S/Shuangjiu	安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
粳518S Jing 518S		7001S/C418	安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
粳519S Jing 519S		7001S/C418//3402S	安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
20672S		—	云南省农业科学院Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
云粳202S Yunjing 202S		N5088S/合系34 N5088S/Hexi 34	云南省农业科学院Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
粳型反温敏核不育系 japonica reverse thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line
粳5278s Jing 5278s		—	安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
籼型反温敏核不育系 indica reverse thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line
矮雁s Aiyan s	雁农s/矮占43S//R998 Yannong s/Aizhan 43S//R998		安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
雁78s Yan 78s	雁农s/R998 Yannong s/R998		安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
雁农s Yannong s	3714突变不育株 Sterile mutant from 3714		衡阳农业科学研究所Agricultural Institute of Hengyang
籼稻恢复系 indica rice restorer line
R727	R933/9311//9311-Pi9		安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
R998	9311/Pi9供体 9311/Pi9 donor		安徽省农业科学院Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
华占 Huazhan	SC2-S6		中国水稻研究所China National Rice Research Institute
扬稻6号Yangdao 6	扬稻4号/盐3021 Yangdao 4/Yan 3021		里下河地区农业科学研究所 Lixiahe Regional Agricultural Research Institute
中籼WH26 Zhongxian WH26	2707/209512		宣城农业科学研究所Agricultural Institute of Xuancheng
桥梁亲本Bridge parent
天丰B Tianfeng B	博B/G9248 Bo B/G9248		广东省农业科学院 Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences

组合 Cross	正交 Forward hybridization			反交 Reverse hybridization
组合 Cross	每穗总粒数 SNP	每穗实粒数 FGP	结实率 SSR/%	每穗总粒数 SNP	每穗实粒数 FGP	结实率 SSR/%
20672S/粳5278s 20672S/Jing 5278s	140	112	79.86	172	143	83.24
2304S/粳5278s 2304S/Jing 5278s	160	141	88.26	161	128	79.16
2312S/粳5278s 2312S/Jing 5278s	155	123	79.15	146	123	84.28
7001S/粳5278s 7001S/Jing 5278s	140	120	85.49	133	103	77.32
粳518S/粳5278s Jing 518S/Jing 5278s	202	146	72.53	232	164	70.64
粳519S/粳5278s Jing 519S/Jing 5278s	212	148	69.88	201	138	68.99
云粳202S/粳5278s Yunjing 202S/Jing 5278s	153	126	82.44	153	119	77.81
2301S/矮雁s 2301S/Aiyan s	129	109	84.35	136	110	81.15
2301S/雁农s 2301S/Yannong s	122	106	86.52	120	94	78.02
2301S/雁78s 2301S/Yan 78s	116	98	84.87	128	100	78.61
广茉S/矮雁s Guangmo S/Aiyan s	156	94	60.57	163	115	70.75
广茉S/雁农s Guangmo S/Yannong s	127	100	78.46	130	98	75.35
广茉S/雁78s Guangmo S/Yan 78s	147	108	73.86	168	116	68.95
广占63S/矮雁s Guangzhan 63S/Aiyan s	162	108	66.81	157	103	65.92
广占63S/雁农s Guangzhan 63S/Yannong s	143	111	77.23	162	119	73.23
广占63S/雁78s Guangzhan 63S/Yan 78s	167	138	82.29	166	124	74.40
新二S/矮雁s Xin’er S/Aiyan s	164	116	70.48	170	115	67.51
新二S/雁农s Xin’er S/Yannong s	149	129	86.31	159	137	85.82
新二S/雁78s Xin’er S/Yan 78s	145	109	75.24	139	92	65.71
1892S/矮雁s 1892S/Aiyan s	141	1	0.42	130	1	0.54
1892S/雁农s 1892S/Yannong s	123	1	0.82	132	1	0.76
1892S/雁78s 1892S/Yan 78s	140	2	1.24	-	-	-
P88S/矮雁s P88S/Aiyan s	142	1	0.21	162	1	0.18
P88S/雁农s P88S/Yannong s	124	0	0.00	139	0	0.00
矮占43S/矮雁s Aizhan 43S/Aiyan s	146	1	0.69	129	1	0.31
矮占43S/雁农s Aizhan 43S/Yannong s	151	1	0.27	159	2	1.00
矮紫S/矮雁s Aizi S/Aiyan s	144	0	0.00	164	0	0.00
矮紫S/雁农s Aizi S/Yannong s	129	0	0.00	137	0	0.00
培矮64S/矮雁s Peiai 64S/Aiyan s	138	1	0.29	138	1	0.44
培矮64S/雁农s Peiai 64S/Yannong s	136	1	0.15	154	1	0.52

组合 Cross	正交 Forward hybridization			反交 Reverse hybridization
组合 Cross	每穗总粒数 SNP	每穗实粒数 FGP	结实率 SSR/%	每穗总粒数 SNP	每穗实粒数 FGP	结实率 SSR/%
20672S/粳5278s 20672S/Jing 5278s	140	112	79.86	172	143	83.24
2304S/粳5278s 2304S/Jing 5278s	160	141	88.26	161	128	79.16
2312S/粳5278s 2312S/Jing 5278s	155	123	79.15	146	123	84.28
7001S/粳5278s 7001S/Jing 5278s	140	120	85.49	133	103	77.32
粳518S/粳5278s Jing 518S/Jing 5278s	202	146	72.53	232	164	70.64
粳519S/粳5278s Jing 519S/Jing 5278s	212	148	69.88	201	138	68.99
云粳202S/粳5278s Yunjing 202S/Jing 5278s	153	126	82.44	153	119	77.81
2301S/矮雁s 2301S/Aiyan s	129	109	84.35	136	110	81.15
2301S/雁农s 2301S/Yannong s	122	106	86.52	120	94	78.02
2301S/雁78s 2301S/Yan 78s	116	98	84.87	128	100	78.61
广茉S/矮雁s Guangmo S/Aiyan s	156	94	60.57	163	115	70.75
广茉S/雁农s Guangmo S/Yannong s	127	100	78.46	130	98	75.35
广茉S/雁78s Guangmo S/Yan 78s	147	108	73.86	168	116	68.95
广占63S/矮雁s Guangzhan 63S/Aiyan s	162	108	66.81	157	103	65.92
广占63S/雁农s Guangzhan 63S/Yannong s	143	111	77.23	162	119	73.23
广占63S/雁78s Guangzhan 63S/Yan 78s	167	138	82.29	166	124	74.40
新二S/矮雁s Xin’er S/Aiyan s	164	116	70.48	170	115	67.51
新二S/雁农s Xin’er S/Yannong s	149	129	86.31	159	137	85.82
新二S/雁78s Xin’er S/Yan 78s	145	109	75.24	139	92	65.71
1892S/矮雁s 1892S/Aiyan s	141	1	0.42	130	1	0.54
1892S/雁农s 1892S/Yannong s	123	1	0.82	132	1	0.76
1892S/雁78s 1892S/Yan 78s	140	2	1.24	-	-	-
P88S/矮雁s P88S/Aiyan s	142	1	0.21	162	1	0.18
P88S/雁农s P88S/Yannong s	124	0	0.00	139	0	0.00
矮占43S/矮雁s Aizhan 43S/Aiyan s	146	1	0.69	129	1	0.31
矮占43S/雁农s Aizhan 43S/Yannong s	151	1	0.27	159	2	1.00
矮紫S/矮雁s Aizi S/Aiyan s	144	0	0.00	164	0	0.00
矮紫S/雁农s Aizi S/Yannong s	129	0	0.00	137	0	0.00
培矮64S/矮雁s Peiai 64S/Aiyan s	138	1	0.29	138	1	0.44
培矮64S/雁农s Peiai 64S/Yannong s	136	1	0.15	154	1	0.52

调查日期 Date(month-day)	花粉败育率Pollen sterility/%				套袋自交结实率Seed setting rate of bagged panicles/%
调查日期 Date(month-day)	矮紫S Aizi S	天丰S Tianfeng S	天丰s Tianfeng s	天丰Ss Tianfeng Ss	矮紫S Aizi S	天丰S Tianfeng S	天丰s Tianfeng s	天丰Ss Tianfeng Ss
07-25	-	-	100.00	100.00	-	-	0.00	0.00
07-27	97.43	100.00	100.00	100.00	5.79	0.00	0.00	0.00
07-29	99.82	100.00	99.53	100.00	0.75	0.00	0.00	0.00
08-01	100.00	100.00	78.56	100.00	0.00	0.00	6.78	0.00
08-03	100.00	100.00	66.88	100.00	0.00	0.00	36.45	0.00
08-05	100.00	100.00	36.33	99.87	0.00	0.00	51.33	0.18
08-08	100.00	100.00	9.28	99.55	0.00	0.00	74.37	0.12
08-10	100.00	99.97	3.67	100.00	0.00	0.00	84.38	0.00
08-12	100.00	100.00	0.33	100.00	0.00	0.00	53.18	0.00
08-15	100.00	100.00	1.23	100.00	0.00	0.00	73.65	0.00
08-17	100.00	99.97	8.28	100.00	0.00	0.00	77.22	0.20
08-19	100.00	99.97	6.54	100.00	0.00	0.00	86.32	0.15
08-22	100.00	100.00	12.36	100.00	0.12	0.00	86.54	0.00
08-24	99.97	99.61	23.57	100.00	0.25	0.00	78.46	0.00
08-26	99.94	100.00	43.65	100.00	0.29	0.00	31.28	0.00
08-29	99.99	99.97	23.65	100.00	0.14	0.10	42.33	0.00
08-31	100.00	99.97	55.46	100.00	0.38	0.36	26.78	0.00
09-02	100.00	99.93	47.21	99.51	0.11	0.21	29.64	0.00
09-05	100.00	100.00	86.34	99.63	0.00	0.00	0.18	0.00
09-07	100.00	100.00	99.83	100.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
09-09	100.00	100.00	97.88	100.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
09-12	98.92	99.93	99.54	100.00	54.46	0.00	0.00	0.00
09-16	91.26	98.07	99.67	100.00	58.52	10.46	0.00	0.00
09-19	94.41	99.27	100.00	100.00	31.88	16.93	0.00	0.00