粳稻柱头外露率QTL定位

doi:10.16819/j.1001-7216.2017.6043

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的柱头外露是影响杂交水稻制种的一个重要性状。本研究旨在初步鉴定控制柱头外露率的QTL。方法以高柱头外露率粳稻两系不育系大S×低柱头外露率热带粳稻品系D50的F₂群体及海南陵水、浙江杭州两地重复种植的F_2:3群体为材料,考查F₂群体及陵水、杭州两地两次重复F_2:3群体单边柱头外露率(PSES)、双边柱头外露率(PDES)和柱头总外露率(PES)。结果相关分析表明,单边柱头外露率、双边柱头外露率和柱头总外露率之间存在极显著的正相关。根据构建的大S×D50 F₂群体遗传连锁图谱,QTL分析检测到水稻柱头外露率QTL 21个,分布于第1、2、3、4、6、7和12染色体上,贡献率变幅为0.1%~57.6%,除个别贡献率极低的位点外,绝大部分QTL加性效应来自于高值亲本大S。其中位于第4染色体和第12染色体的两个位点qPDES4, qPES12 在F₂和两次重复F_2:3群体中均检测到,贡献率分别达17.86%和16.98%。位于第3染色体的qPES3位点在陵水、杭州两次F_2:3群体中重复检测到,贡献率高达25.6%。结论检测到的QTL,有些与其他学者报道的处于同一位置,有些则是新的柱头外露率QTL。这些水稻柱头外露率QTL为今后柱头外露率基因精细定位、克隆、以及利用分子标记辅助选择 (MAS) 选育高柱头外露率粳型不育系提供理论依据。

关键词: 柱头外露率, QTL 定位, 分子标记辅助选择(MAS), 粳稻

Abstract:

【Objective】Stigma exsertion is one of the important traits which contribute to the efficient improrement of commercial seed production in hybrid rice. The objective of the study was to understand the genetic factors involved in the sigma exsertion.【Method】 The F₂ and F_2:3 populations of Da S×D50 planted in Lingshui, Hainan Province and Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, respectively were used and the single stigma exsertion rate (PSES), double stigma exsertion rate (PDES) and total stigma exsertion rate (PES) were measured. 【Result】Correlation analysis indicated that there were significant relationships among the PSES, PDES and PES. Further, the genetic linkage map of Da S×D50 F₂ population was constructed, then, 21 stigma exsertion rate QTL were located on chromosome 1,2,3,4,6,7 and 12, respectively, with the contribution rate ranging from 0.1% to 57.6%. The additive effect of most QTLs were contributed by high value parent Da S except for some QTL that with extremely low contribution rate. There were two QTLs on Chromosome 4 and Chromosome 12, qPDES4 and qPES12, both detected in F₂ and F_2:3 populations with contribution rate as high as 17.86% and 16.98%, respectively. The qPES3 located on Chromosome 3 with high contribution rate were detected in F_2:3 population for two times. 【Conclusion】Some stigma exsertion rate QTL shared the same location with those reported by other researchers, but there were also some new QTLs which provide theoretical support for further fine-mapping, gene cloning, and breeding new japonica male sterile lines with high stigma exsertion rate by using molecular marker-assistant selection.

Key words: stigma exsertion rate, QTL mapping, marker-assistant selection(MAS), japonica rice

李威, 圣忠华, 朱子亮, 魏祥进, 石磊, 邬亚文, 唐绍清, 王建龙, 胡培松. 粳稻柱头外露率QTL定位[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2017, 31(1): 23-30.

Wei LI, Zhonghua SHENG, Ziliang ZHU, Xiangjin WEI, Lei SHI, Yawen WU, Shaoqing TANG, Jianlong WANG, Peisong HU. QTL Mapping of japonica Rice Stigma Exsertion Rate[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2017, 31(1): 23-30.

图/表 6

图1 大S和D50柱头外露表型 A-大S(左)和D50(右)的植株表型; B-大S的柱头外露表型; C-D50的柱头外露表型。

Fig. 1. Phenotype of stigma exsertion of Da S and D50. A, Plant morphology of Da S(left) and D50 (right); B, Phenotype of Da S stigma exsertion; C, Phenotype of D50 stigma exsertion.

表1 大S×D50 F2与F2:3群体及亲本的柱头外露率表型

Table 1 The stigma exsertion rate of F2 and F2:3 populations of Da S ×D50 combination.

性状 Trait	世代 Generation	地点 Site	F₂和 $F 2 : 3$ 分离群体 Segregation population of F₂ and F_2:3						亲本 Parent/%
性状 Trait	世代 Generation	地点 Site	变幅 Variation/%			Mean±SD /%	峰值Peak	偏值 Partial	D50	大S Da S
PSES	F₂	浙江杭州 Hangzhou, Zhejiang	5~54	42±1.9	6.32	-1.96		20		38
	F_2:3	海南陵水 Lingshui, Hainan	3~51	36±2.2	1.47	-1.04		19		36
	F_2:3	浙江杭州 Hangzhou, Zhejiang	2~49	38±2.2	3.94	-1.56		24		31
PDES	F₂	浙江杭州 Hangzhou, Zhejiang	0~57	24±2.6	-0.53	0.18		2		47
	F_2:3	海南陵水 Lingshui, Hainan	0~37	14±2.3	-0.28	0.45		2		46
	F_2:3	浙江杭州 Hangzhou, Zhejiang	0~49	18±2.8	-0.14	0.62		4		42
PES	F₂	浙江杭州 Hangzhou, Zhejiang	5~91	65±2.9	1.36	-1.03		22		85
	F_2:3	海南陵水 Lingshui, Hainan	3~83	50±3.1	0.02	-0.37		21		82
	F_2:3	浙江杭州 Hangzhou, Zhejiang	2~86	57±3.3	0.14	-0.54		28		73

表1 大S×D50 F2与F2:3群体及亲本的柱头外露率表型

Table 1 The stigma exsertion rate of F2 and F2:3 populations of Da S ×D50 combination.

性状 Trait	世代 Generation	地点 Site	F₂和 $F 2 : 3$ 分离群体 Segregation population of F₂ and F_2:3						亲本 Parent/%
性状 Trait	世代 Generation	地点 Site	变幅 Variation/%			Mean±SD /%	峰值Peak	偏值 Partial	D50	大S Da S
PSES	F₂	浙江杭州 Hangzhou, Zhejiang	5~54	42±1.9	6.32	-1.96		20		38
	F_2:3	海南陵水 Lingshui, Hainan	3~51	36±2.2	1.47	-1.04		19		36
	F_2:3	浙江杭州 Hangzhou, Zhejiang	2~49	38±2.2	3.94	-1.56		24		31
PDES	F₂	浙江杭州 Hangzhou, Zhejiang	0~57	24±2.6	-0.53	0.18		2		47
	F_2:3	海南陵水 Lingshui, Hainan	0~37	14±2.3	-0.28	0.45		2		46
	F_2:3	浙江杭州 Hangzhou, Zhejiang	0~49	18±2.8	-0.14	0.62		4		42
PES	F₂	浙江杭州 Hangzhou, Zhejiang	5~91	65±2.9	1.36	-1.03		22		85
	F_2:3	海南陵水 Lingshui, Hainan	3~83	50±3.1	0.02	-0.37		21		82
	F_2:3	浙江杭州 Hangzhou, Zhejiang	2~86	57±3.3	0.14	-0.54		28		73

图2 大S×D50 F2和F2:3群体柱头外露率频率分布

Fig. 2. The frequency distributions of stigma exsertion rate of F2 and F2:3 populations of Da S×D50 combination.

表2 大S×D50 F2、F2:3群体柱头外露率性状间的相关分析

Table 2 Correlation analysis among stigma exsertion rate in F2 and F2:3 populations of Da S×D50 combination.

群体 Population	地点 Site	性状 Trait	单边外露率 PSES	双边外露率 PDES
F₂	浙江杭州 Hangzhou, Zhejiang	PDES	0.302^**
		PES	0.693^**	0.903^**
F_2:3	海南陵水Lingshui, Hainan	PDES	0.769^**
		PES	0.938^**	0.942^**
F_2:3	浙江杭州 Hangzhou, Zhejiang	PDES	0.532^**
		PES	0.808^**	0.928^**

图3 大S×D50 F2与F2:3群体检测到的柱头外露率QTL

Fig. 3. The stigma exsertion rate QTLs detected in F2 and F2:3 populations of Da S× D50 combination. PSES, Percent of single stigma exsertion; PDES, Percent of double stigma exsertion; PES, Percent of total stigma exsertion.

表3 大S×D50 F2与F2:3群体检测到的柱头外露率QTL分布

Table 3 The QTL distributions of stigma exsertion rate detected in F2 and F2:3 populations of Da S×D50.

性状 Trait	QTL	染色体 Chr	标记区间 Mapping interval	F₂(杭州)F₂(Hangzhou)			F_2:3(陵水)F_2:3(Lingshui)					F_2:3(杭州)F₂(Hangzhou)
性状 Trait	QTL	染色体 Chr	标记区间 Mapping interval	LOD		加性效应 Additive effect/%		贡献率 Contribution rate		LOD	加性效应 Additive effect/%	贡献率 Contribution rate%	LOD	加性效应 Additive effect/%	贡献率 Contribution rate%
PSES	qPSES2	2	RM3340-RM5664	3.04	2.20	3.82									[9]
	qPSES4	4	RM273-RM3836	3.07	-3.58	9.59
	qPSES12	12	RM1036-RM3448	2.52	0.50	0.27	3.66	-6.74	16.98		3.39		-0.34	0.12	[24]
	qPSES3.1	3	RM5474-RM14898				3.99	-5.58	21.87		4.03		-5.58	25.60	[10, 14, 22]
	qPSES1	1	RM11307-RM6738								5.19		-7.29	35.51	[17, 22,23]
	qPSES3.2	3	RM168-RM3525								3.12		-12.85	57.67
PDES	qPDES1	1	RM8068-RM3746	3.02	-4.35	6.24									[22, 24]
	qPDES2.1	2	RM5430-RM6424	4.14	-5.42	10.77									[17, 25]
	qPDES4	4	RM16942-RM17303	5.78	-7.01	17.86	5.35	-4.78	16.04		3.83		-4.92	10.17
	qPDES6.1	6	RM3183-RM1161	2.66	-2.27	2.93
	qPDES12	12	RM1036-RM3448	4.50	-6.23	7.61									[24]
	qPDES6.2	6	RM20155								2.84		-0.58	0.14
	qPDES2.2	2	RM3340-RM5664	3.04	2.10	0.04					3.90		5.97	0.12	[8]
PES	qPES2.1	2	RM5430-RM6424	3.77	-7.55	12.56									[17, 25]
	qPES4	4	RM16942-RM17303	6.06	-9.93	20.40	3.49	-8.48	14.46
	qPES6.1	6	RM3183-RM1161	2.59	-3.30	2.56
	qPES7	7	RM22105	2.75	4.83	5.14									[14,23]
	qPES12	12	RM1036-RM3448	5.68	-9.38	10.03	3.75	-2.18	1.05		3.24		-0.48	0.81	[24]
	qPES3	3	RM5474-RM1022				5.09	-10.78	23.74						[14,22,10]
	qPES2.2	2	RM3340-RM5664								2.98		-8.65	10.18	[9]
	qPES6.2	6	RM3414								2.56		4.59	3.71

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