中国水稻科学 ›› 2015, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (1): 82-90.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7216.2015.01.010
陈晓锋, 强胜, 杨金玲, 张帮华, 张峥, 宋小玲, 戴伟民*()
收稿日期:
2014-03-01
修回日期:
2014-07-14
出版日期:
2015-01-10
发布日期:
2015-01-10
通讯作者:
戴伟民
基金资助:
Xiao-feng CHEN, Sheng QIANG, Jin-ling YANG, Bang-hua ZHANG, Zheng ZHANG, Xiao-ling SONG, Wei-min DAI*()
Received:
2014-03-01
Revised:
2014-07-14
Online:
2015-01-10
Published:
2015-01-10
Contact:
Wei-min DAI
摘要:
21世纪初,杂草稻仅在江苏省局部区域发生,目前已扩大到全省,并对粳稻的高产和稳产造成严重威胁。为了掌握其快速发生机制,便于杂草稻的防除工作,需要进一步明确江苏省13市杂草稻是独立发生还是相互传播,以及江苏省杂草稻籼粳地理分布。采集了江苏省13个市58个样地的58个种群,总计205份的杂草稻样品。所有样品在南京农业大学江浦农场田间种植,并测量了38个形态学性状和6个程氏指数鉴别性状。欧氏距离聚类分析,表明江苏省13个市的杂草稻是相互混杂的。籼粳地理分布表明,江苏省杂草稻主要以籼型和偏籼型为主,籼型和偏籼型杂草稻在全部58个样点中都有分布,分别占样品总量的54.15%和42.40%;偏粳型和粳型仅分布于6个样点(淮安、苏州、盐城与扬州),分别占样品总量的2.93%和0.48%。此外,对比江苏省杂草稻的籼粳地理分布与江苏省地方品种的籼粳地理分布,未显示对应关系。籼粳比例和地理分布揭示了江苏省杂草稻主要为籼型,其中极少数为粳型杂草稻,粳型杂草稻的比例与杂草稻和栽培稻之间的自然基因漂移比例相近。
中图分类号:
陈晓锋, 强胜, 杨金玲, 张帮华, 张峥, 宋小玲, 戴伟民. 江苏省杂草稻的传播与籼粳分化研究[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2015, 29(1): 82-90.
Xiao-feng CHEN, Sheng QIANG, Jin-ling YANG, Bang-hua ZHANG, Zheng ZHANG, Xiao-ling SONG, Wei-min DAI. Hierarchical Clustering and indica-japonica Classification: Uncover Mutual Spread and indica-japonica Differentiation for Weedy Rice in Jiangsu Province[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2015, 29(1): 82-90.
图1 58个采样点在江苏省的分布 CZ-常州; HA-淮安; LYG-连云港; NJ-南京; NT-南通; SQ-宿迁; SZ-苏州; TZ-泰州; WX-无锡; XZ-徐州; YC-盐城; YZ-扬州; ZJ-镇江。
Fig.1. The distribution of 58 sampling sites in Jiangsu Province. CZ, Changzhou; HA, Huai’an; LYG, Lianyungang; NJ, Nanjing; NT, Nantong; SQ, Suqian; SZ, Suzhou; TZ, Taizhou; WX, Wuxi; XZ, Xuzhou; YC, Yancheng; YZ, Yangzhou; ZJ, Zhenjiang.
时期 Period | 形态学性状 Morphological character |
---|---|
营养生长期 Vegetative growth stage | |
移栽后15 d 15 days after transplanting | 株高, 实际株高, 叶片数, 最长叶片长, 最长叶片宽, 分蘖数 Plant height, real plant height, leaf number, the longest leaf length, the longest leaf width, tiller number |
移栽后30 d 30 days after transplanting | 株高, 实际株高, 叶片数, 最长叶片长, 最长叶片宽, 分蘖数 Plant height, real plant height, leaf number, the longest leaf length, the longest leaf width, tiller number |
移栽后60 d 60 days after transplanting | 株高, 实际株高, 叶片数, 最长叶片长, 最长叶片宽, 分蘖数 Plant height, real plant height, leaf number, the longest leaf length, the longest leaf width, tiller number |
生殖生长期 Reproductive growth stage | 始穗期, 齐穗期, 剑叶长, 剑叶宽, 分蘖角, 芒长, 芒色, 穗型, 叶型 Initial heading date, full heading stage, flag leaf length, flag leaf width, tiller angle, awn length, awn color, panicle type, leaf type |
黄熟期 Ripening stage | 全黄熟期, 株高, 穗长, 有效穗数, 谷粒长, 谷粒宽, 谷粒厚, 落粒性, 百粒重, 谷壳色, 颖果色 all yellow maturity days, plant height, panicle length, effective panicle number, grain length, grain width, grain thickness, dropped grains, hundred-grains weight, hull color, caryopsis color |
表1 38个形态学性状
Table 1 38 morphology characters.
时期 Period | 形态学性状 Morphological character |
---|---|
营养生长期 Vegetative growth stage | |
移栽后15 d 15 days after transplanting | 株高, 实际株高, 叶片数, 最长叶片长, 最长叶片宽, 分蘖数 Plant height, real plant height, leaf number, the longest leaf length, the longest leaf width, tiller number |
移栽后30 d 30 days after transplanting | 株高, 实际株高, 叶片数, 最长叶片长, 最长叶片宽, 分蘖数 Plant height, real plant height, leaf number, the longest leaf length, the longest leaf width, tiller number |
移栽后60 d 60 days after transplanting | 株高, 实际株高, 叶片数, 最长叶片长, 最长叶片宽, 分蘖数 Plant height, real plant height, leaf number, the longest leaf length, the longest leaf width, tiller number |
生殖生长期 Reproductive growth stage | 始穗期, 齐穗期, 剑叶长, 剑叶宽, 分蘖角, 芒长, 芒色, 穗型, 叶型 Initial heading date, full heading stage, flag leaf length, flag leaf width, tiller angle, awn length, awn color, panicle type, leaf type |
黄熟期 Ripening stage | 全黄熟期, 株高, 穗长, 有效穗数, 谷粒长, 谷粒宽, 谷粒厚, 落粒性, 百粒重, 谷壳色, 颖果色 all yellow maturity days, plant height, panicle length, effective panicle number, grain length, grain width, grain thickness, dropped grains, hundred-grains weight, hull color, caryopsis color |
图2 基于34个性状的江苏省205份杂草稻样品系统聚类分析结果 CZ-常州; HA-淮安; LYG-连云港; NJ-南京; NT-南通; SQ-宿迁; SZ-苏州; TZ-泰州; WX-无锡; XZ-徐州; YC-盐城; YZ-扬州; ZJ-镇江。a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m为各市杂草稻种群的编号。
Fig. 2. Polar tree based on variation of 34 plant traits of 205 weedy rice samples from Jiangsu Province. CZ, Changzhou; HA, Huai’an; LYG, Lianyungang; NJ, Nanjing; NT, Nantong; SQ, Suqian; SZ, Suzhou; TZ, Taizhou; WX, Wuxi; XZ, Xuzhou; YC, Yancheng; YZ, Yangzhou; ZJ, Zhenjiang. a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m mean the serial number of populations in each city, respectively.
图3 基于34个农艺性状的江苏省58个杂草稻种群的系统聚类分析 CZ-常州; HA-淮安; LYG-连云港; NJ-南京; NT-南通; SQ-宿迁; SZ-苏州; TZ-泰州; WX-无锡; XZ-徐州; YC-盐城; YZ-扬州; ZJ-镇江。a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m各市杂草稻种群的编号。
Fig. 3. Polar tree based on variation of 34 agronomic traits of 58 populations of weedy rice in Jiangsu Province. CZ, Changzhou; HA, Huai’an; LYG, Lianyungang; NJ, Nanjing; NT, Nantong; SQ, Suqian; SZ, Suzhou; TZ, Taizhou; WX, Wuxi; XZ, Xuzhou; YC, Yancheng; YZ, Yangzhou; ZJ, Zhenjiang. a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m mean the serial number of populations in each city, respectively.
市名与样点编号 City and site code | 种群编号 Population code | 使用编号 Used code | 样品量 Sample number | 籼型 indica (H) | 偏籼型 indica- clinous(H') | 偏粳型 japonica- clinous (K') | 粳型 japonica (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
常州市Changzhou City | |||||||
CZ-1 | WRJS017 | JS-CZa | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
CZ-2 | WRJS076 | JS-CZb | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
CZ-3 | WRJS051 | JS-CZc | 5 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
CZ-4 | WRJS044 | JS-CZd | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
CZ-5 | WRJS045 | JS-CZe | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
CZ-6 | WRJS046 | JS-CZf | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
淮安市 Huaian City | |||||||
HA-1 | WRJS002 | JS-HAa | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1(50%) |
HA-2 | WRJS070 | JS-HAb | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
HA-3 | WRJS003 | JS-HAc | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
连云港市 Lianyungang City | |||||||
LYG-1 | WRJS063 | JS-LYGa | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
LYG-2 | WRJS064 | JS-LYGb | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
LYG-3 | WRJS008 | JS-LYGc | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
南京市 Nanjing City | |||||||
NJ-1 | WRJS079 | JS-NJa | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
NJ-2 | WRJS030 | JS-NJb | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
NJ-3 | WRJS034 | JS-NJc | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
NJ-4 | WRJS048 | JS-NJd | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
NJ-5 | WRJS074 | JS-NJe | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
NJ-6 | WRJS075 | JS-NJf | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
南通市 Nantong City | |||||||
NT-1 | WRJS050 | JS-NTa | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
NT-2 | WRJS052 | JS-NTb | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
NT-3 | WRJS037 | JS-NTc | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
NT-4 | WRJS038 | JS-NTd | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
宿迁市 Suqian City | |||||||
SQ-1 | WRJS056 | JS-SQa | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
苏州市 Suzhou City | |||||||
SZ-1 | WRJS077 | JS-SZa | 4 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 |
泰州市 Taizhou City | |||||||
TZ-1 | WRJS035 | JS-TZa | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
TZ-2 | WRJS049 | JS-TZb | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
TZ-3 | WRJS012 | JS-TZc | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
TZ-4 | WRJS013 | JS-TZd | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
TZ-5 | WRJS014 | JS-TZe | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
TZ-6 | WRJS015 | JS-TZf | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
TZ-7 | WRJS011 | JS-TZg | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
TZ-8 | WRJS010 | JS-TZh | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
TZ-9 | WRJS060 | JS-TZi | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
TZ-10 | WRJS072 | JS-TZj | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
无锡市 Wuxi City | |||||||
WX-1 | WRJS078 | JS-WXa | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
WX-2 | WRJS019 | JS-WXb | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
徐州市 Xuzhou City | |||||||
XZ-1 | WRJS065 | JS-XZa | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
盐城市 Yancheng City | |||||||
YC-1 | WRJS055 | JS-YCa | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
YC-2 | WRJS066 | JS-YCb | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
YC-3 | WRJS069 | JS-YCc | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
YC-4 | WRJS005 | JS-YCd | 6 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 0 |
YC-5 | WRJS057 | JS-YCe | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
YC-6 | WRJS058 | JS-YCf | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
YC-7 | WRJS068 | JS-YCg | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
扬州市 Yangzhou City | |||||||
YZ-1 | WRJS021 | JS-YZa | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
YZ-2 | WRJS022 | JS-YZb | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
YZ-3 | WRJS023 | JS-YZd | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
YZ-4 | WRJS024 | JS-YZe | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
YZ-5 | WRJS025 | JS-YZf | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
YZ-6 | WRJS026 | JS-YZg | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
YZ-7 | WRJS054 | JS-YZh | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
YZ-8 | WRJS020 | JS-YZc | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
YZ-9 | WRJS036 | JS-YZi | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
YZ-10 | WRJS027 | JS-YZj | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
YZ-11 | WRJS047 | JS-YZk | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
YZ-12 | WRJS059 | JS-YZl | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
YZ-13 | WRJS062 | JS-YZm | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
镇江市 Zhenjiang City | |||||||
ZJ-1 | WRJS061 | JS-ZJa | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
表2 江苏省各种群杂草稻的籼粳类型
Table 2 Four indica-japonica types for each population in Jiangsu Province.
市名与样点编号 City and site code | 种群编号 Population code | 使用编号 Used code | 样品量 Sample number | 籼型 indica (H) | 偏籼型 indica- clinous(H') | 偏粳型 japonica- clinous (K') | 粳型 japonica (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
常州市Changzhou City | |||||||
CZ-1 | WRJS017 | JS-CZa | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
CZ-2 | WRJS076 | JS-CZb | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
CZ-3 | WRJS051 | JS-CZc | 5 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
CZ-4 | WRJS044 | JS-CZd | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
CZ-5 | WRJS045 | JS-CZe | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
CZ-6 | WRJS046 | JS-CZf | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
淮安市 Huaian City | |||||||
HA-1 | WRJS002 | JS-HAa | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1(50%) |
HA-2 | WRJS070 | JS-HAb | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
HA-3 | WRJS003 | JS-HAc | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
连云港市 Lianyungang City | |||||||
LYG-1 | WRJS063 | JS-LYGa | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
LYG-2 | WRJS064 | JS-LYGb | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
LYG-3 | WRJS008 | JS-LYGc | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
南京市 Nanjing City | |||||||
NJ-1 | WRJS079 | JS-NJa | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
NJ-2 | WRJS030 | JS-NJb | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
NJ-3 | WRJS034 | JS-NJc | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
NJ-4 | WRJS048 | JS-NJd | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
NJ-5 | WRJS074 | JS-NJe | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
NJ-6 | WRJS075 | JS-NJf | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
南通市 Nantong City | |||||||
NT-1 | WRJS050 | JS-NTa | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
NT-2 | WRJS052 | JS-NTb | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
NT-3 | WRJS037 | JS-NTc | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
NT-4 | WRJS038 | JS-NTd | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
宿迁市 Suqian City | |||||||
SQ-1 | WRJS056 | JS-SQa | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
苏州市 Suzhou City | |||||||
SZ-1 | WRJS077 | JS-SZa | 4 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 |
泰州市 Taizhou City | |||||||
TZ-1 | WRJS035 | JS-TZa | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
TZ-2 | WRJS049 | JS-TZb | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
TZ-3 | WRJS012 | JS-TZc | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
TZ-4 | WRJS013 | JS-TZd | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
TZ-5 | WRJS014 | JS-TZe | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
TZ-6 | WRJS015 | JS-TZf | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
TZ-7 | WRJS011 | JS-TZg | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
TZ-8 | WRJS010 | JS-TZh | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
TZ-9 | WRJS060 | JS-TZi | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
TZ-10 | WRJS072 | JS-TZj | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
无锡市 Wuxi City | |||||||
WX-1 | WRJS078 | JS-WXa | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
WX-2 | WRJS019 | JS-WXb | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
徐州市 Xuzhou City | |||||||
XZ-1 | WRJS065 | JS-XZa | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
盐城市 Yancheng City | |||||||
YC-1 | WRJS055 | JS-YCa | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
YC-2 | WRJS066 | JS-YCb | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
YC-3 | WRJS069 | JS-YCc | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
YC-4 | WRJS005 | JS-YCd | 6 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 0 |
YC-5 | WRJS057 | JS-YCe | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
YC-6 | WRJS058 | JS-YCf | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
YC-7 | WRJS068 | JS-YCg | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
扬州市 Yangzhou City | |||||||
YZ-1 | WRJS021 | JS-YZa | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
YZ-2 | WRJS022 | JS-YZb | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
YZ-3 | WRJS023 | JS-YZd | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
YZ-4 | WRJS024 | JS-YZe | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
YZ-5 | WRJS025 | JS-YZf | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
YZ-6 | WRJS026 | JS-YZg | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
YZ-7 | WRJS054 | JS-YZh | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
YZ-8 | WRJS020 | JS-YZc | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
YZ-9 | WRJS036 | JS-YZi | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
YZ-10 | WRJS027 | JS-YZj | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
YZ-11 | WRJS047 | JS-YZk | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
YZ-12 | WRJS059 | JS-YZl | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
YZ-13 | WRJS062 | JS-YZm | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
镇江市 Zhenjiang City | |||||||
ZJ-1 | WRJS061 | JS-ZJa | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
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