干旱胁迫下NO 对水稻日本晴叶片生理特性的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7216.2015.01.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究干旱胁迫下一氧化氮(Nitric oxide, NO)对水稻叶片光合速率、相对含水量及抗氧化系统的影响,旨在揭示NO 增强水稻耐旱性的作用机制。以常规粳稻日本晴为材料,在土培条件下于水稻分蘖盛期叶面喷施硝普钠(SNP, NO 缓释剂)和/或cPTIO(NO 清除剂)后进行干旱处理,6 d 后,取样并分析叶片各生理指标。结果表明,与清水对照相比,干旱胁迫下,喷施100 μmol/L SNP 可显著增强水稻耐旱性,叶片表现出较高的相对含水量和光合速率,较低的丙二醛和过氧化氢含量。相反,100 μmol/L cPTIO 处理的水稻叶片光合速率明显低于对照,相对含水量略低于对照,而丙二醛和过氧化氢含量显著高于清水对照。进一步研究表明,干旱胁迫下喷施外源SNP 的叶片具有较高的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,较低的抗坏血酸(AsA)含量和总谷胱甘肽(GSH+GSSH)含量。此外,外源喷施SNP 对水稻叶片过氧化物酶(POD)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性影响不大,各处理间差异不显著。总之,以100 μmol/L SNP 作为NO 缓释剂处理的水稻干旱损伤较轻,干旱胁迫下叶片具有较高的SOD 及CAT 活性,这可能是NO 增强水稻耐旱性的主要原因。

关键词: 水稻, 干旱胁迫, 一氧化氮, 抗氧化系统

Abstract:

To reveal the mechanisms that nitric oxide (NO) enhances drought tolerance in rice, we studied the effects of NO on leaf photosynthetic rate, relative water content and antioxidant system of rice under drought stress. After foliar spray of 100 μmol/L sodium nitroprusside (SNP, a NO donor) and/or 100 μmol/L cPTIO (a NO scavengers), japonica nipponbare (Oryza sativa L) was subjected to drought stress during tillering stage in a plastic tank. Rice leaves were sampled for further physiological analysis at the sixth day after treatment. Results showed that foliar spray of 100 μmol/L SNP enhanced rice tolerance to drought stress, which showed higher photosynthetic rate and relative water content, but lower malonaldehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) contents in leaves when compared with the control, foliar spraying with deionized water. By contrast, the cPTIO treatment significantly reduced leaf photosynthetic rate and relative water content, and significantly increased leaf MDA and H₂O₂ contents. Further study indicated that foliar application of SNP significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, but observably suppressed ascorbic acid (AsA) content and total glutathione (GSH+GSSH) contents under drought stress. However, it had no significant influence on peroxidase (POD) activity, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity and there were no significant difference among the four treatments. It was concluded that nitric oxide might increase the activity of SOD and CAT, resulting in improved drought tolerance in rice.

Key words: rice, drought stress, nitric oxide, antioxidant system

中图分类号:

杨永杰, 杨雪芹, 张彩霞, 符冠富, 陈婷婷, 陶龙兴. 干旱胁迫下NO 对水稻日本晴叶片生理特性的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2015, 29(1): 65-72.

Yong-jie YANG, Xue-qin YANG, Cai-xia ZHANG, Guan-fu FU, Ting-ting CHEN, Long-xing TAO. Effects of Nitric Oxide on Drought Stress-induced Physiological Characteristics in Leaves of Nipponbare (Oryza sativa L)[J]. Chinese Journal OF Rice Science, 2015, 29(1): 65-72.

图/表 6

图1 干旱胁迫期间的土壤相对含水量(A)、日均温及相对湿度(B)

Fig.1. Relative soil water content (A), daily mean temperature and relative humidity (B) during drought stress.

图2 叶片喷施SNP和/或cPTIO对水稻叶片相对含水量(A)和光合速率(B)的影响柱上不同字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。下同。

Fig. 2. Effects of foliar spray of SNP and /or cPTIO on relative water content (A), photosynthetic rate (B) in rice leaves. Different letters above the bars indicate significant difference at P<0.05. The same as in figures below.

图3 叶片喷施SNP和/或cPTIO对水稻叶片丙二醛含量(A)和过氧化氢含量(B)的影响

Fig. 3. Effects of foliar spray of SNP and/or cPTIO on malondialdehyde (A), hydrogen peroxide (B) contents in rice leaves.

图4 叶片喷施SNP和/或cPTIO对水稻叶片过氧化氢DAB染色的影响

Fig. 4. Effects of foliar spray of SNP and /or cPTIO on DAB dyeing in rice leaves.

图5 叶片喷施SNP和/或cPTIO对水稻叶片抗坏血酸(A)和总谷胱甘肽含量(B)的影响

Fig. 5. Effects of foliar spray of SNP and /or cPTIO on ascorbic acid (A), total glutathione contents(B) in rice leaves.

图6 叶片喷施SNP和/或cPTIO对水稻叶片SOD(A)、CAT(B)、POD(C)、APX(D)活性的影响

Fig. 6. Effects of foliar spray of SNP and/or cPTIO on SOD(A), CAT (B), POD (C), APX(D) activities in rice leaves. SOD,Superoxide dismutase; CAT,Hydrogen peroxidase; POD,Peroxidase; APX,Ascorbate peroxidase.

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