中国水稻科学

中国水稻科学 ›› 2014, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (3): 258-266.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7216.2014.03.005

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

晒田强度和氮素穗肥运筹对不同氮效率杂交稻产量及氮素利用的影响

朱从桦1,2 ,孙永健1,2 ,严奉君1 ,蒋明金1 ,徐徽1 ,赵建红1 ,马均1,2,*   

  1. 1 四川农业大学 水稻研究所, 四川 温江611130； 2农业部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,  四川 温江611130；
  • 收稿日期:2013-07-24 修回日期:2014-01-26 出版日期:2014-05-10 发布日期:2014-05-10
  • 通讯作者: 马均1,2,*
  • 基金资助:

    国家粮食丰产科技工程项目（2011BAD16B05， 2012BAD04B13， 2013BAD07B13）；  国家自然科学基金资助项目（31101117）； 四川省育种攻关专项（2011N2009815）。

Effects of Different Paddy Field Drainage Degrees and Panicle Nitrogen Fertilizer Managements on Yield and Nitrogen Utilization of Different Nitrogen Efficiency Hybrid Rice

ZHU Conghua 1,2, SUN Yongjian 1,2 , YAN Fengjun 1 , JIANG Mingjin 1 , XU Hui 1 , ZHAO Jianhong1 ,  MA Jun 1,2,*   

  1. 1 Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China;  2 Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, and Cultivation in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Wenjiang 611130, China;
  • Received:2013-07-24 Revised:2014-01-26 Online:2014-05-10 Published:2014-05-10
  • Contact: MA Jun1,2,*

PDF

被引次数

12

摘要： 以氮高效品种（德香4103）和氮低效品种（宜香3724）为材料，研究3种晒田强度（0-20 cm土壤体积含水量为53.60%±5.00%、40.20%±5.00%和26.80%±5.00%，分别记为W1、W2和W3）和3种穗肥运筹（晒田复水后第1、8和15天施用氮素穗肥，分别记为N1、N2和N3）对水稻干物质生产和氮素积累、转运、利用及产量的影响。结果表明，适度晒田能提高水稻干物质积累和转运、氮素积累、转运和利用及产量；各晒田强度下，穗肥运筹对不同氮效率品种产量和氮肥利用率的影响存在差异，与氮低效品种相比，氮高效品种抽穗期干物质积累量更高，抽穗后物质转运能力更强、氮素转运和氮素利用效率更高，并且氮高效品种的产量平均比氮低效品种高1.12 t/hm2。相关性分析表明，氮高效品种和氮低效品种的产量均与干物质积累、转运呈显著正相关，氮高效品种产量与茎秆氮素转运量显著正相关，氮低效品种产量与茎叶氮素转运量呈显著正相关。因此，氮高效品种采用晒田强度（W1）配合复水后15 d施用氮素穗肥，氮低效品种采用晒田强度（W2）配合复水后8 d施用氮素穗肥，均能提高其氮肥利用效率和稻谷产量。

关键词: 晒田强度, 穗肥运筹, 不同氮效率水稻, 氮素利用, 产量

Abstract: The effects of different paddy field drainage degrees including three soil water levels (0-20 cm soil volumetric water content was controlled at 53.60%±5.00%, 40.20%±5.00%, and 26.80%±5.00%, indicated by W1, W2, and W3 respectively) and three panicle nitrogen fertilizer managements (the panicle nitrogen fertilizer was applied on the 1st, 8th, and 15th day after rewatering, indicated by N1, N2, and N3 respectively) on dry matter productivity, nitrogen accumulation, translocation and utilization and yield of rice were investigated with nitrogen efficient variety(Dexiang 4103) and nitrogen inefficient variety(Yixiang 3724). The results showed that proper paddy field drainage degree could increase dry matter accumulation and translocation, nitrogen accumulation, translocation and utilization and yield of rice, and there are different effects for panicle nitrogen fertilizer management on yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency of different nitrogen efficiency rice. The dry matter accumulation and translocation, nitrogen accumulation, translocation and utilization of the nitrogen efficient variety were obviously higher than that of the nitrogen inefficient variety; the average yield of the nitrogen efficient variety was 1.12 t/hm2  higher than that of the nitrogen inefficient variety. Yield of nitrogen efficient variety and nitrogen inefficient variety had strongly positive correlation to dry matter accumulation and translocation and total nitrogen accumulation; yield of nitrogen efficient variety had strongly positive correlation to nitrogen translocation amount of stemsheath and yield of nitrogen inefficient variety had strongly positive correlation to nitrogen translocation amount of leaf and stemsheath. By applying the panicle nitrogen fertilizer on the 15th day after rewatering for nitrogen efficient variety (Dexiang 4103) under proper paddy field drainage condition treatment (W1) and applying the panicle nitrogen fertilizer on the 8th day after rewatering for nitrogen inefficient variety (Yixiang 3724) under proper paddy field drainage condition treatment (W2), nitrogen utilization efficiency and grain yield were all increased.

Key words: paddy field drainage, panicle nitrogen fertilizer management, different nitrogen efficiency rice, nitrogen utilization, grain yield

中图分类号: