水稻氧营养的生理、生态机制及环境效应研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7216.2009.04.01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 氧是水稻生命活动过程中重要的营养因子。水稻利用通气组织将大气中的氧从地上部分转运到根部，同时也能通过根系从生长介质中吸收一部分氧。良好的氧营养状况下水稻才能正常生长，不仅如此，氧营养还参与了水稻土壤环境系统的作用过程，具有重要的生态效应。从氧营养的水稻生物学响应和根际生态效应两个方面综述了近年来稻田氧营养相关研究状况，重点总结了目前国内外有关水稻需氧性，氧营养对水稻形态学、解剖学特征的影响，相应的生理、生态机制以及环境效应的研究成果，同时比较了水稻生产上所采用的氧营养调控途径，并对水稻氧营养研究作了展望。

关键词: 水稻, 氧营养, 生理生态机制, 环境效应

Abstract: s an important nutritional factor, oxygen performs great functions in physiological activities of rice. It is well known that in rice plants, atmospheric oxygen is transported from shoots to its roots through its continuous aerenchymatous system. Besides, rice roots also acquire oxygen from the rhizosphere environment across root epidermis. The leakage of O2 is enabled by a very permeable aerenchyma inside the roots which conducts O2 to the root tissue, and also enables the inside oxygen export to the external medium. The importance of oxygen is also reflected on the improvement of rhizosphere environment. By oxidizing Fe2+ and other phytotoxins, oxygen can detoxify the rhizosphere environment. In addition, the oxidation processes round the rhizosphere has significant effects on local pH and Eh, which exert an important influence on rice nutrient uptake. By decreasing oxygen concentration in the root medium, the transversal oxygen flux decrease and the longitudinal flux increase so as to compensate for the decrease of the former, but growing insufficiency in oxygen supply to the roots was observed in some older rice seedlings. This review summarized the progress in research on oxygen nutrient from the plant biological response and ecological effects of rhizosphere, which emphasized on the research of rice plant oxygen requirement, the effect of oxygen on rice morphology and anatomy, relative physiological and ecological mechanism, and the effect of oxygen on rice growing environment. The methods and techniques used to change the oxygen conditions in paddy field were also compared, and the further studies of rice oxygen nutrient were discussed.

Key words: rice, oxygen, physiological and ecological mechanism, environment effect

赵锋王丹英, 徐春梅, 张卫建, 章秀福, . 水稻氧营养的生理、生态机制及环境效应研究进展
[J]. 中国水稻科学 2009,23(4): 335-341 . , DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7216.2009.04.01 .

ZHAO Feng,WANG Dan ying,XU Chunmei ,ZHANG Weijian,ZHANG Xiufu . Progress in Research on Physiological and Ecological Response of Rice to Oxygen Nutrition and Its Environment Effects [J]. Chinese Journal of Rice Science 2009,23(4): 335-341 ., DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7216.2009.04.01 .

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